Physiotherapy Department Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Calle La Salle 10, 28023 Madrid, Spain
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020 Nov 1;25(6):e775-e783. doi: 10.4317/medoral.23785.
Chronic pain from temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is caused by a somatosensory disturbance due to sustained activation of central nervous system nociceptive pathways, which can induce changes in neuroplasticity in the thalamus, basal ganglia and limbic system, as well as disturbances in the somatosensory, prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex and cognitive impairment. The main objective of this study was to determine the discrimination capacity of mandibular and tongue laterality between women with chronic TMDs and asymptomatic women.
This descriptive-comparative study examined 2 groups with a total of 30 women. All participants were between the ages of 23 and 66 years and were assigned to the chronic TMD group or the asymptomatic group according to the inclusion criteria. We employed a mobile application developed specifically for this study to measure the accuracy and reaction time (RT) of mandibular and tongue laterality discrimination.
The chronic TMD group had a lower success rate in laterality discrimination (mean mandibular accuracy of 40% and mean tongue accuracy of 67%) than the asymptomatic group (mean mandibular accuracy of 61% and mean tongue accuracy of 90%). These results showed statistically significant differences between the groups for mandibular laterality discrimination (d, 1.14; p<0.01) and tongue laterality discrimination (d, 0.79; p=0.03). The asymptomatic group had faster RTs than the chronic TMD group. The data revealed statistically significant differences for the right mandibular RT (d, 0.89; p=0.02) and right tongue RT (d, 0.83; p=0.03). However, there were no significant differences for left mandibular and left tongue RT.
We found that the women with chronic TMDs had a lower success rate and slower RTs in the discrimination of mandibular laterality when compared with the asymptomatic women.
颞下颌关节紊乱（TMD）引起的慢性疼痛是由于中枢神经系统伤害感受途径的持续激活而导致的躯体感觉障碍，这可能导致丘脑、基底神经节和边缘系统的神经可塑性发生变化，以及躯体感觉、前额叶和眶额皮层发生紊乱和认知障碍。本研究的主要目的是确定慢性 TMD 女性与无症状女性之间下颌和舌侧偏侧性的辨别能力。
这是一项描述性比较研究，共纳入了 30 名女性，分为慢性 TMD 组和无症状组。所有参与者年龄在 23 至 66 岁之间，根据纳入标准被分配到慢性 TMD 组或无症状组。我们使用专门为此项研究开发的移动应用程序来测量下颌和舌侧偏侧性的辨别准确性和反应时间（RT）。
慢性 TMD 组的侧偏性辨别成功率较低（下颌的平均准确性为 40%，舌的平均准确性为 67%），低于无症状组（下颌的平均准确性为 61%，舌的平均准确性为 90%）。这些结果表明，两组之间在下颌侧偏性辨别（d 值，1.14；p<0.01）和舌侧偏性辨别（d 值，0.79；p=0.03）方面存在统计学显著差异。无症状组的 RT 比慢性 TMD 组更快。右侧下颌 RT（d 值，0.89；p=0.02）和右侧舌 RT（d 值，0.83；p=0.03）方面存在统计学显著差异，但左侧下颌和左侧舌 RT 方面无显著差异。
与无症状女性相比，患有慢性 TMD 的女性在辨别下颌侧偏性时的成功率较低，RT 也较慢。
