Department of Health Promotion and Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Sohl 1107 2020, Beirut, Lebanon.
Health Educ Res. 2020 Aug 1;35(4):306-351. doi: 10.1093/her/cyaa009.
We conducted a systematic scoping review to map the available evidence on smoke-free or tobacco-free (SF/TF) university policies globally. We specifically looked at (i) how policies were developed and communicated and (ii) what indicators were used to evaluate their impact. We searched for peer-reviewed literature, published up to January 2020, across 10 multi-disciplinary databases. We followed a duplicate, independent data selection, and charting process. We inductively categorized the studies according to the research design and objective of 'process' and 'impact evaluation'. We identified 75 unique studies across 23 countries conducted between 1993 and 2019. Most studies were conducted in the United States (46/75, 61.3%), were based on quantitative research design and focused on impact evaluations; a third (n = 28) reported both process and impact evaluations (37.3%). Community engagement and multi-channel communication strategies were mostly used to disseminate SF/TF policies. The impact was determined by a wide range of indicators for knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to policies. There is a mature, relevant body of literature describing the development and evaluation of SF/TF policies in universities. Future reviews could quantify the impact of the bans and may consider process indicators as moderating factors to explain the potential heterogeneity of results.
我们进行了系统的范围综述，以绘制全球范围内无烟或无烟草（SF/TF）大学政策的现有证据。我们特别关注（i）政策的制定和沟通方式，以及（ii）用于评估其影响的指标。我们在 10 个多学科数据库中搜索了截至 2020 年 1 月发表的同行评审文献。我们遵循了重复的、独立的数据选择和图表制作过程。我们根据研究设计和“过程”和“影响评估”的目标，对研究进行了归纳分类。我们在 23 个国家确定了 75 项独特的研究，这些研究分别在 1993 年至 2019 年进行。大多数研究（46/75，61.3%）在美国进行，采用定量研究设计，重点关注影响评估；三分之一（n=28）报告了过程和影响评估（37.3%）。社区参与和多渠道沟通策略主要用于传播 SF/TF 政策。影响由与政策相关的知识、态度和行为的广泛指标来确定。有一个成熟的、相关的文献描述了大学内 SF/TF 政策的制定和评估。未来的综述可以量化禁令的影响，并可以考虑过程指标作为调节因素，以解释结果的潜在异质性。
