Xu Zhao, LÜ Fang-Yi, Yu Bing-Jie, Zhnag Ze-Dong, Zhang Lun-Qing
Laboratory of Morphology, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2020 Jul 25;45(7):557-63. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.190654.
To study the position and hierarchical structure of Five-shu points, i．e., "Guanchong" (TE1), "Yemen" (TE2), "Zhongzhu" (TE3), "Yangchi" (TE4) and "Zhigou" (TE6), and the Source-point "Tianjing" (TE10) of the Triple Energizer (TE) Meridian in the rabbit.
Based on WHO Standard Acupuncture Point Locations in the Western Pacific Region (WHO Standard) and National Standard (GB/T 22103-2008) for Acupuncture Point Locations in human body, and combined with X-ray images, the hierarchical structure of Five-shu points and Source-point of the TE Meridian were observed in ten New Zealand rabbits. The acupoint locations were determined by comparing the same name tissues of the rabbits and human body after dissecting the above-mentioned acupoints. After inserting acupuncture needles into the aforementioned acupoints, the relationship between the acupuncture needle and adjacent structure were dissected and measured.
"Guanchong" (TE1) was located on the lateral side of the 4 terminal phalanx, and behind the corner of the onyx root. When needled, the penetrated tissues of the acupuncture needle are skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, and the root region of the 4 phalanx, respectively. "Yemen" (TE2) was located between the 4 and 5 onyxes, at the depression of intersection of coat hair superior to the fingerweb edge. When needled, the penetrated tissues of the acupuncture needle are the superficial fascia, deep fascia and lumbrical muscles of the forepaw, respectively. "Zhongzhu" (TE3) was located between the 4 and 5 metacarpal bones, at the depression proximal to the 4 metacarpophalangeal joint. When needled, the penetrated tissues are skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, and lumbrical muscle, respectively. "Yangchi" (TE4) was positioned at the dorsal side of the forepaw, and the surface connection line between the accessory and radial bones intersected with the depression of the extensor digitorum communis on the ulnar side. When needled, the penetrated tissues are skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, and the ulnar side of the common extensor tendon, respectively. "Zhigou" (TE6) was positioned between the radius and ulna, on the posterior aspect of the forelimb and 3 Bone-cun proximal to the distal dorsal forepaw crease. When needled, the penetrated tissues are skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, and the extensor digitorum, respectively. "Tianjing" (TE10) was located at the junction of the body of humerus and the lateral condyle of humerus, on the posterior aspect of the elbow and proximal to the prominence of the olecranon. When needled, the penetrated tissues are skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, and triceps brachii muscle, respectively.
The Five-shu points and Source-point of the TE Meridian on the forelimb in rabbits are innervated by the cutaneous branches of the ulnar radial nerve and the medial brachial cutaneous nerve at the superficial layer, and by the branches of the ulnar nerve and radial nerve in the deep layer, accompanied with cephalic vein and forearm blood vessels and their branches.
研究家兔手少阳三焦经五输穴即“关冲”（TE1）、“液门”（TE2）、“中渚”（TE3）、“阳池”（TE4）、“支沟”（TE6）及原穴“天井”（TE10）的位置及层次结构。
依据世界卫生组织西太平洋地区《标准针灸穴位定位》（WHO标准）及我国《人体穴位名称与定位》国家标准（GB/T 22103-2008），结合X线图像，对10只新西兰家兔手少阳三焦经五输穴及原穴的层次结构进行观察。解剖上述穴位后，通过对比家兔与人体同名组织确定穴位位置。将针灸针分别刺入上述穴位后，解剖并测量针与相邻结构的关系。
“关冲”（TE1）位于第4指末节尺侧，距指甲角后0.1寸。针刺时，针所穿透的组织依次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、第4指骨根部。“液门”（TE2）位于第4、5掌指关节之间，指蹼缘上方赤白肉际处。针刺时，针所穿透的组织依次为浅筋膜、深筋膜、掌部蚓状肌。“中渚”（TE3）位于第4、5掌骨小头后缘之间，第4掌指关节近端凹陷中。针刺时，针所穿透的组织依次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、蚓状肌。“阳池”（TE4）位于腕背横纹中，当指伸肌腱的尺侧缘凹陷处。针刺时，针所穿透的组织依次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、指伸肌腱尺侧缘。“支沟”（TE6）位于前臂背侧，当阳池与肘尖的连线上，腕背横纹上3寸，尺骨与桡骨之间。针刺时，针所穿透的组织依次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、指伸肌。“天井”（TE10）位于臂外侧，屈肘时，当肘尖直上1寸凹陷处。针刺时，针所穿透的组织依次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、肱三头肌。
家兔前肢手少阳三焦经五输穴及原穴，浅层由尺神经和桡神经的皮支、臂内侧皮神经支配，深层由尺神经和桡神经的分支支配，并有头静脉、前臂血管及其分支伴行。
