Bozelli José Carlos, Epand Richard M
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
Biophys Chem. 2020 Oct;265:106431. doi: 10.1016/j.bpc.2020.106431. Epub 2020 Jul 15.
It is becoming widely acknowledged that many biological processes are dependent on specific lipid molecular species. In healthy humans, two important lipid molecular species for cell physiology are tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin (in the heart) and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl phosphatidylinositols (throughout the organism). The predominance of these lipid molecular species is in part due to the presence of enzymes along their biosynthetic pathways that favor their enrichment with specific acyl chains. In cardiolipin biosynthesis, one example is the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme tafazzin, while for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositols the epsilson isoform of diacylglycerol kinase (DGKε) plays an important role. Here a discussion of the roles played by both enzyme structure and membrane environment on the production of specific lipid molecular species by these two membrane-acting enzymes will be made. It is proposed that the enrichment of certain lipid molecular species within the organism is a result of a fine-tuned interplay between enzyme structure and membrane environment.
人们越来越普遍地认识到，许多生物过程依赖于特定的脂质分子种类。在健康人体中，对细胞生理而言两个重要的脂质分子种类是四亚油酰心磷脂（在心脏中）和1-硬脂酰-2-花生四烯酰磷脂酰肌醇（在整个生物体中）。这些脂质分子种类占优势部分归因于其生物合成途径中存在有利于它们富集特定酰基链的酶。在心磷脂生物合成中，一个例子是由tafazzin酶催化的反应，而对于磷脂酰肌醇的生物合成，二酰基甘油激酶（DGKε）的ε亚型发挥着重要作用。这里将讨论这两种膜作用酶的酶结构和膜环境对特定脂质分子种类产生所起的作用。有人提出，生物体内某些脂质分子种类的富集是酶结构和膜环境之间微调相互作用的结果。
