Chemical Laboratories, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Biomolecules. 2020 Jul 22;10(8):1092. doi: 10.3390/biom10081092.
Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) constitute a class of recently identified novel lipids exhibiting anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Due to their high biological significance, a tremendous effort has been devoted to the development of analytical methods for the detection and quantitation of FAHFAs during the last five years. The analysis of FAHFAs is very challenging due to the great number of possible regio-isomers arising from the great number of possible combinations of FAs with HFAs, and the low abundancies of FAHFAs in biological samples. The aim of this review article is to summarize all the cutting-edge analytical methodologies for the determination of FAHFAs in biological samples, plant tissues and food matrices, with emphasis on extraction and analysis steps. All the analytical methodologies rely on the use of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), providing high sensitivity due to the MS detection. Powerful and robust analytical methodologies may highly contribute in studying FAHFAs levels under various biomedical conditions, and facilitate our understanding of the role of these lipid species in physiological and pathological conditions.
羟基脂肪酸脂肪酸酯（FAHFAs）构成了一类最近被识别的新型脂质，具有抗糖尿病和抗炎作用。由于其具有重要的生物学意义，在过去五年中，人们投入了大量的精力来开发用于检测和定量 FAHFAs 的分析方法。由于 FA 与 HFA 可能的组合数量众多，因此可能会产生大量的区域异构体，并且生物样品中 FAHFAs 的丰度较低，因此分析 FAHFAs 具有很大的挑战性。本文综述了所有用于测定生物样品、植物组织和食品基质中 FAHFAs 的最新分析方法，重点介绍了提取和分析步骤。所有分析方法都依赖于液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）的使用，由于 MS 检测，提供了高灵敏度。强大而稳健的分析方法可能会极大地促进在各种生物医学条件下研究 FAHFAs 水平，并有助于我们了解这些脂质在生理和病理条件下的作用。
