GEnie et Matériaux TEXtiles (GEMTEX) Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Industries Textiles (ENSAIT), F-59100 Roubaix, France.
Hautes Etudes Ingénieur (HEI)-YNCREA, University of Lille, F-59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Jul 17;20(14):3980. doi: 10.3390/s20143980.
(1) Background: millions of people, from children to the elderly, suffer from bladder dysfunctions all over the world. Monitoring bladder fullness with appropriate miniaturized textile devices can improve, significantly, their daily life quality, or even cure them. Amongst the existing bladder sensing technologies, bioimpedance spectroscopy seems to be the most appropriate one to be integrated into textiles. (2) Methods: to assess the feasibility of monitoring the bladder fullness with textile-based bioimpedance spectroscopy; an innovative lab-bench has been designed and fabricated. As a step towards obtaining a more realistic pelvic phantom, ex vivo pig's bladder and skin were used. The electrical properties of the fabricated pelvic phantom have been compared to those of two individuals with tetrapolar impedance measurements. The measurements' reproducibility on the lab bench has been evaluated and discussed. Moreover, its suitability for the continuous monitoring of the bladder filling has been investigated. (3) Results: although the pelvic phantom failed in reproducing the frequency-dependent electrical properties of human tissues, it was found to be suitable at 5 kHz to record bladder volume change. The resistance variations recorded are proportional to the conductivity of the liquid filling the bladder. A 350 mL filling with artificial urine corresponds to a decrease in resistance of 7.2%, which was found to be in the same range as in humans. (4) Conclusions: based on that resistance variation; the instantaneous bladder fullness can be extrapolated. The presented lab-bench will be used to evaluate the ability of textiles electrodes to unobtrusively monitor the bladder volume.
(1) 背景：全世界有数百万人，从儿童到老年人，都患有膀胱功能障碍。使用适当的微型纺织设备监测膀胱充盈度，可以显著提高他们的生活质量，甚至可以治愈他们。在现有的膀胱传感技术中，生物阻抗光谱似乎是最适合集成到纺织品中的技术。(2) 方法：为了评估使用基于纺织品的生物阻抗光谱监测膀胱充盈度的可行性，设计并制造了一个创新的实验室工作台。为了获得更逼真的骨盆模型，采用了离体猪膀胱和皮肤。将所制造的骨盆模型的电特性与两名具有四极阻抗测量的个体进行了比较。评估并讨论了实验室工作台上测量的可重复性。此外，还研究了其用于连续监测膀胱充盈的适用性。(3) 结果：尽管骨盆模型未能再现人体组织的频率相关电特性，但发现它适合在 5 kHz 下记录膀胱体积变化。记录的电阻变化与填充膀胱的液体的电导率成正比。用人工尿液填充 350 毫升相当于电阻降低 7.2%，这与人类的结果相似。(4) 结论：基于该电阻变化，可以推断出膀胱的即时充盈度。所提出的实验室工作台将用于评估纺织电极无创监测膀胱容量的能力。
