Faculty of Health, Normandie University, UNICAEN, Centre F. Baclesse, UR ABTE EA4651, 14000 Caen, France.
Faculty of Sports, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, CETAPS EA3832, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan CEDEX, France.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Jul 17;12(7):458. doi: 10.3390/toxins12070458.
The mutagenic patterns of and extracts were evaluated. These strains of toxigenic were collected from the agricultural environment. The Ames test was performed on strains TA98, TA100 and TA102, without and with S9mix (exogenous metabolic activation system). These data were compared with the mutagenicity of the corresponding pure mycotoxins tested alone or in reconstituted mixtures with equivalent concentrations, in order to investigate the potential interactions between these molecules and/or other natural metabolites. At least 3 mechanisms are involved in the mutagenic response of these aflatoxins: firstly, the formation of AFB-8,9-epoxide upon addition of S9mix, secondly the likely formation of oxidative damage as indicated by significant responses in TA102, and thirdly, a direct mutagenicity observed for higher doses of some extracts or associated mycotoxins, which does not therefore involve exogenously activated intermediates. Besides the identified mycotoxins (AFB, AFB and AFM), additional "natural" compounds contribute to the global mutagenicity of the extracts. On the other hand, AFB and AFM modulate negatively the mutagenicity of AFB when mixed in binary or tertiary mixtures. Thus, the evaluation of the mutagenicity of "natural" mixtures is an integrated parameter that better reflects the potential impact of exposure to toxigenic Aspergilli.
评估了 和 提取物的诱变模式。这些产毒 的菌株是从农业环境中收集的。在不加 S9mix（外源性代谢激活系统）和加 S9mix 的情况下，对 TA98、TA100 和 TA102 进行了 Ames 试验。将这些数据与单独测试的相应纯霉菌毒素或具有等效浓度的重组混合物的致突变性进行了比较，以研究这些分子和/或其他天然代谢物之间的潜在相互作用。这些黄曲霉毒素的致突变反应至少涉及 3 种机制：首先，加入 S9mix 后形成 AFB-8,9-环氧化物；其次，如 TA102 中明显的反应所示，可能形成氧化损伤；第三，一些提取物或相关霉菌毒素的高剂量下观察到直接致突变性，因此不涉及外源性激活的中间产物。除了已鉴定的霉菌毒素（AFB、AFB 和 AFM）外，“天然”化合物也有助于提取物的整体致突变性。另一方面，AFB 和 AFM 在二元或三元混合物中混合时会负调节 AFB 的致突变性。因此，“天然”混合物的致突变性评估是一个综合参数，能更好地反映接触产毒曲霉的潜在影响。
