LP3C, Université Rennes, Rennes, France.
Bases Corpus Langage UMR 7320 CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2020 Oct;1477(1):54-70. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14433. Epub 2020 Jul 26.
When Western participants are asked to keep in mind a sequence of verbal items, they tend to associate the first items to the left and the last items to the right. This phenomenon, known as the spatial-positional association response codes effect, has been interpreted as showing that individuals spatialize the memoranda by creating a left-to-right mental line with them. One important gap in our knowledge concerns the development of this phenomenon: when do Western individuals start organizing their thought from left to right? To answer this question, 274 participants in seven age groups were tested (kindergarten, Grades 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and adults). We used a new protocol meant to be child-friendly, which involves associating two caves with two animals using a two-alternative spatial forced choice. Participants had to guess in which cave a specific animal could be hidden. Results showed that it is from Grade 3 on that participants spatialize information in working memory in a left-to-right fashion like adults.
当西方参与者被要求记住一系列口头项目时，他们往往会将第一个项目与左边联系起来，将最后一个项目与右边联系起来。这种现象被称为空间位置关联反应代码效应，它表明个体通过创建从左到右的心理线来将记忆内容空间化。我们知识中的一个重要空白涉及到这种现象的发展：西方个体何时开始从左到右组织他们的思维？为了回答这个问题，我们测试了 7 个年龄组的 274 名参与者（幼儿园、1 年级、2 年级、3 年级、4 年级和 5 年级以及成年人）。我们使用了一种新的协议，旨在让孩子们喜欢，它涉及使用两种替代的空间强制选择将两个洞穴与两只动物联系起来。参与者必须猜测特定的动物可以藏在哪个洞穴里。结果表明，从 3 年级开始，参与者就像成年人一样，以从左到右的方式在工作记忆中对信息进行空间化。
