Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA.
Med Care Res Rev. 2021 Oct;78(5):463-474. doi: 10.1177/1077558720944283. Epub 2020 Jul 25.
More direct inclusion of informal caregivers (i.e., family, friends) in patients' care will make care more patient- and family-centered and has the potential to improve overall quality of care for patients. We need to understand what potentially comprises "inclusive care" so that we can define what "inclusive care" is and develop targets for care quality metrics. We conducted a critical literature review to identify key components of "caregiver inclusion." Focusing on extant literature from 2005 to 2017, 35 papers met inclusion criteria. Directed content analysis with constant comparison was used to identify major themes related to a concept of "inclusive care." Our analysis indicates that "inclusive care" entails five components: clear definition of caregiver role, system level policies for inclusion, explicit involvement of caregiver, provider assessment of caregiver capability, and mutuality in caregiver-provider communication. We discuss the evidence behind these five components using the Donabedian health care quality conceptual model.
更直接地将非正式照顾者（即家庭、朋友）纳入患者的护理中，将使护理更加以患者和家庭为中心，并有可能提高患者的整体护理质量。我们需要了解什么是“包容性护理”，以便我们能够定义什么是“包容性护理”，并制定护理质量指标的目标。我们进行了一项关键性文献综述，以确定“照顾者纳入”的关键组成部分。我们专注于 2005 年至 2017 年的现有文献，有 35 篇论文符合纳入标准。采用有定向的内容分析和不断比较，确定了与“包容性护理”概念相关的主要主题。我们的分析表明，“包容性护理”包括五个组成部分：明确界定照顾者的角色、纳入的系统层面政策、明确的照顾者参与、提供者对照顾者能力的评估，以及照顾者与提供者之间的相互沟通。我们使用 Donabedian 医疗保健质量概念模型讨论了这五个组成部分背后的证据。
