Hospital de Fauna Salvaje, Grupo de Rehabilitación de la Fauna Autóctona y su Hábitat (GREFA), Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Estudio de la Medicina y Conservación de la Fauna Silvestre (GEMAS), Spain.
Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Producción Animal, Sanidad Animal y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain; Grupo de Estudio de la Medicina y Conservación de la Fauna Silvestre (GEMAS), Spain.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020 Oct;72:101519. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101519. Epub 2020 Jul 18.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most important threats of the 21 st century. Wild birds have been described as reservoirs of AMR in different bacterial species, such as Salmonella spp. Privation of food, climate change and overpopulation have forced many wild species to modify their feeding habits, attending urban areas. In this context, the aim of this study was to study Salmonella presence, as well as related AMR in urban birds that inhabit the city and its surroundings. A total of 300 urban birds were sampled for Salmonella detection according to the ISO 6579-1:2017 (Annex D) recommendations, and serotyping was carried out according to the White-Kauffman-Le Minor scheme. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested following 2013/652/EU Decision guides. Wild birds analysed were positive for Salmonella in 12.3 % of cases, with white storks fed in landfills as the most Salmonella prevalent species (p < 0.05). The most common serovars isolated were zoonotic (S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium and S. Typhimurium monophasic variant). From Salmonella isolated strains, 40.5 % were resistant to the most prevalent AMRs found in urban birds were ciprofloxacin (36.4 %), nalidixic acid (36.4 %) and colistin (27.3 %). The scientific community, public administration and population in general should work together to control antimicrobial administration and drug waste management in order to decrease the development and spread of AMR.
抗微生物药物耐药性（AMR）是 21 世纪最重要的威胁之一。野生鸟类已被描述为不同细菌物种（如沙门氏菌属）中 AMR 的储库。食物匮乏、气候变化和人口过剩迫使许多野生物种改变其觅食习惯，进入城市地区。在这种情况下，本研究旨在研究城市鸟类中沙门氏菌的存在及其相关的 AMR，这些鸟类栖息在城市及其周边地区。根据 ISO 6579-1:2017（附录 D）的建议，共采集了 300 只城市鸟类样本以检测沙门氏菌，根据 White-Kauffman-Le Minor 方案进行血清分型。按照 2013/652/EU 决定指南进行了抗微生物药物敏感性测试。在分析的野生鸟类中，有 12.3%的鸟类呈沙门氏菌阳性，在垃圾填埋场喂养的白鹳是最常见的沙门氏菌流行物种（p<0.05）。分离出的最常见血清型为动物源（肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌单相变体）。从分离出的沙门氏菌菌株中，有 40.5%对城市鸟类中最常见的 AMR 具有耐药性，这些 AMR 包括环丙沙星（36.4%）、萘啶酸（36.4%）和黏菌素（27.3%）。科学界、公共行政部门和一般公众应共同努力，控制抗微生物药物的使用和药物废物管理，以减少 AMR 的发展和传播。
