Suwa Sayuri, Tsujimura Mayuko, Kodate Naonori, Donnelly Sarah, Kitinoja Helli, Hallila Jaakko, Toivonen Marika, Ide Hiroo, Bergman-Kärpijoki Camilla, Takahashi Erika, Ishimaru Mina, Shimamura Atsuko, Yu Wenwei
Division of Visiting Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Division of Visiting Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Nov/Dec;91:104178. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104178. Epub 2020 Jul 15.
To clarify potential users' perceptions toward the development and social implementation of home-care robots in Japan, Ireland, and Finland.
Unsigned, self-administered questionnaires were distributed to adults aged 65 or older, family caregivers, and home-care/health and social care professionals (HSCPs). A total of 1004 responses were collected.
In Japan, many people were already familiar with robots in their daily lives. The most notable finding about their perspectives on home-care robots was related to safety. Moreover, 93.7 % of the Japanese respondents said, "If the user cannot decide whether to use a home-care robot, family members who know the user well should decide," followed by 76.4 % in Ireland and 83.1 % in Finland (p < .001). In Ireland, 81.8 % of the respondents said, "I want to help other people and society by participating in the research and development of home-care robots" (Japan: 69.9 %; Finland: 67.5 %) (p = .006). In Finland, many people had a negative impression of robots compared to the other two countries. Finland had the highest percentage (75.4 %) of respondents who said, "Health care professionals should be allowed to use secondary information collected by a home-care robot" (Japan and Ireland: 64 %) (p = .024). Moreover, Ireland and Finland emphasized the need to guarantee the entitlement to receive human care.
Devising optimal strategies for the development and social implementation of home-care robots by incorporating various perspectives while valuing human dignity will require examination of each country's characteristics with respect to history, culture, policies, and values related to robots.
阐明日本、爱尔兰和芬兰潜在用户对家用护理机器人的开发及社会应用的看法。
向65岁及以上成年人、家庭护理人员以及家庭护理/健康与社会护理专业人员（HSCPs）发放无署名的自填式问卷。共收集到1004份回复。
在日本，许多人在日常生活中已经熟悉机器人。关于他们对家用护理机器人看法的最显著发现与安全性有关。此外，93.7%的日本受访者表示，“如果用户无法决定是否使用家用护理机器人，非常了解用户的家庭成员应该做出决定”，爱尔兰为76.4%，芬兰为83.1%（p<0.001）。在爱尔兰，81.8%的受访者表示，“我希望通过参与家用护理机器人的研发来帮助他人和社会”（日本：69.9%；芬兰：67.5%）（p=0.006）。与其他两个国家相比，芬兰许多人对机器人有负面印象。芬兰有最高比例（75.4%）的受访者表示，“应允许医疗保健专业人员使用家用护理机器人收集的二级信息”（日本和爱尔兰：64%）（p=0.024）。此外，爱尔兰和芬兰强调需要保障接受人文关怀的权利。
在重视人类尊严的同时，通过纳入各种观点来制定家用护理机器人开发及社会应用的最佳策略，需要审视每个国家在与机器人相关的历史、文化、政策和价值观方面的特点。
