儿童和青少年人群中的上肢压迫性神经病变
Upper Extremity Compressive Neuropathies in the Pediatric and Adolescent Populations.
作者信息
Codd Casey M, Abzug Joshua M
机构信息
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
出版信息
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2020 Dec;13(6):696-707. doi: 10.1007/s12178-020-09666-4.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Although somewhat rare, upper extremity compressive neuropathies can occur in the pediatric and adolescent populations due to various etiologies. Some of the most common conditions seen include thoracic outlet syndrome, supracondylar process syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome with subluxation of the ulnar nerve, and carpal tunnel syndrome. This review will focus on these diagnoses and how to address them in the pediatric and adolescent populations.
RECENT FINDINGS
Due to the rarity of upper extremity compressive neuropathies in the pediatric and adolescent populations, substantial advancement in the literature does not routinely occur. However, recent literature has found a difference in the rate of various subtypes of thoracic outlet syndrome in children versus adults. Additionally, cubital tunnel syndrome associated with ulnar nerve subluxation/instability has recently been found to have better outcomes following surgical decompression of the ulnar nerve and transposition than those with stable ulnar nerves. In summary, this review provides the most recent knowledge surrounding upper extremity compressive and entrapment neuropathies in the pediatric and adolescent populations.
综述目的
尽管上肢压迫性神经病变较为少见，但由于各种病因，其仍可发生于儿童和青少年群体。一些最常见的病症包括胸廓出口综合征、髁上突综合征、伴有尺神经半脱位的肘管综合征以及腕管综合征。本综述将聚焦于这些诊断以及如何在儿童和青少年群体中进行处理。
最新发现
由于上肢压迫性神经病变在儿童和青少年群体中较为罕见，该领域文献通常不会有实质性进展。然而，最近的文献发现儿童与成人胸廓出口综合征各亚型的发病率存在差异。此外，最近发现，与尺神经半脱位/不稳定相关的肘管综合征在尺神经手术减压和转位后，其预后比尺神经稳定的患者更好。总之，本综述提供了有关儿童和青少年群体上肢压迫性及卡压性神经病变的最新知识。
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