Department of Psychology, Siena College, 511 Loudon Road, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA.
University of New England, Biddeford, ME, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2020 Oct;48(7):1234-1248. doi: 10.3758/s13421-019-00996-4.
In six experiments, reading times and probe naming times were measured in order to examine the conditions under which spatial information became accessible and/or reactivated. In Experiments 1-4, reading times were measured for target sentences containing spatial inconsistencies. Spatial inconsistencies did not disrupt processing (Experiment 1) unless there were increases in task demands (Experiment 2), elaboration of the protagonist's location (Experiment 3), or both (Experiment 4). In Experiments 5 and 6, naming times were measured to directly assess the activation of spatial information, specifically objects associated with a protagonist. Spatial information was highly active in memory immediately after being read and less active after four intervening sentences (Experiment 5), but explicit cues (e.g., location or object) as well as references to the current situation model were effective in reactivating previously mentioned spatial information (Experiment 6). The combined results of six experiments are discussed within the context of the RI-Val model.
在六个实验中，我们测量了阅读时间和探针命名时间，以考察空间信息变得可及和/或重新激活的条件。在实验 1-4 中，我们测量了包含空间不一致的目标句子的阅读时间。只有在任务需求增加（实验 2）、对主角位置进行详细说明（实验 3）或两者兼有时（实验 4），空间不一致才会干扰处理。在实验 5 和 6 中，我们测量了命名时间，以直接评估空间信息的激活情况，特别是与主角相关的物体。空间信息在阅读后立即在记忆中高度活跃，在四个句子后则不太活跃（实验 5），但明确的线索（例如位置或物体）以及对当前情境模型的提及可以有效地重新激活之前提到的空间信息（实验 6）。六个实验的综合结果在 RI-Val 模型的背景下进行了讨论。
