12330The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA.
Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA.
Biol Res Nurs. 2020 Oct;22(4):495-505. doi: 10.1177/1099800420943961. Epub 2020 Jul 28.
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a significant health problem, impacting millions of people every year. Although emerging evidence suggests that the composition of the gut microbiome is altered after TBI, no systematic review has been published on this topic. The objective of the present systematic review is to analyze publications that evaluate the impact of TBI on gut microbiome composition. Research articles were pulled from seven databases. The systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In order for publications to be eligible for this review, they had to (1) report on original human- or animal-subjects research, (2) evaluate the impact of TBI on the microbiome, and (3) be written in English and (4) be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Of the seven articles that met these criteria, one involved human participants, while the other six reported on experimental animal studies. All studies found changes in the gut microbiome following TBI, with similar changes in bacterial populations observed across studies. The limitations of these studies included the use of primarily male animals, limitations of 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, and small sample sizes. This review was also limited by the small pool of studies conducted in this area. In summary, changes in bacterial populations of the gut microbiome, specifically increases in proteobacteria and firmicutes, were observed across the studies. By evaluating the changes in the microbiome resulting from TBI, potential therapeutic interventions could be explored.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一个严重的健康问题，每年影响数百万人。尽管有新的证据表明 TBI 后肠道微生物组的组成发生了改变，但尚未就这一主题发表系统评价。本系统评价的目的是分析评估 TBI 对肠道微生物组组成影响的出版物。研究论文从七个数据库中提取。系统评价遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行。为了使出版物符合本综述的条件，它们必须（1）报告原始的人类或动物主题研究，（2）评估 TBI 对微生物组的影响，（3）用英文书写，（4）在同行评议的期刊上发表。符合这些标准的七篇文章中有一篇涉及人类参与者，而另外六篇则报告了实验动物研究。所有研究都发现 TBI 后肠道微生物组发生了变化，研究中观察到细菌种群的相似变化。这些研究的局限性包括主要使用雄性动物、16S rRNA 基因测序的局限性以及样本量小。本综述还受到该领域进行的研究数量有限的限制。总之，观察到肠道微生物组的细菌种群发生了变化，特别是变形菌门和厚壁菌门的增加。通过评估 TBI 引起的微生物组变化，可以探索潜在的治疗干预措施。
