Deshaies Stacy, Cazals Guillaume, Enjalbal Christine, Constantin Thibaut, Garcia François, Mouls Laetitia, Saucier Cédric
SPO, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France.
IBMM, Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jul 24;9(8):663. doi: 10.3390/antiox9080663.
Wine oxidation and ageing involve many complex chemical pathways and reaction mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to set up new and reproducible accelerated red wine ageing tests and identify chemical oxidation or ageing molecular markers. Three accelerated and reproducible ageing tests were developed: a heat test (60 °C); an enzymatic test (laccase test; a chemical test (hydrogen peroxide test). Depending on the test, oxygen consumption was significantly different. For a young wine (2018), the oxygen consumption rate moved from 2.40 ppm.h for the heat test to 3.33 ppm.h for the enzymatic test and 2.86 ppm.h for the chemical test. Once applied to two other vintages (2010 and 2014) from the same winery, the tests revealed different comportments corresponding to wine natural evolution. High resolution UPLC-MS was performed on forced ageing samples and compared to naturally aged red wines. Specific oxidation or ageing ion markers were found with significant differences between tests, revealing the specificity of each test and different possible molecular pathways involved. The hydrogen peroxide test seems to be closer to natural oxidation with an important decrease in absorbance at 520 nm and similar molecular ion variations for [M+H] = 291, 331, 347, 493, 535, 581, 639 Da.
葡萄酒的氧化和陈酿涉及许多复杂的化学途径和反应机制。本研究的目的是建立新的、可重复的加速红葡萄酒陈酿试验，并确定化学氧化或陈酿的分子标记物。开发了三种加速且可重复的陈酿试验：加热试验（60°C）；酶试验（漆酶试验）；化学试验（过氧化氢试验）。根据试验不同，氧气消耗量有显著差异。对于一款年轻葡萄酒（2018年份），氧气消耗速率从加热试验的2.40 ppm·h到酶试验的3.33 ppm·h以及化学试验的2.86 ppm·h。一旦将这些试验应用于同一家酒庄的另外两个年份（2010年和2014年）的葡萄酒，试验揭示了与葡萄酒自然陈化相对应的不同表现。对强制陈酿样品进行了高分辨率超高效液相色谱 - 质谱分析，并与自然陈酿的红葡萄酒进行了比较。发现了特定的氧化或陈酿离子标记物，各试验之间存在显著差异，揭示了每个试验的特异性以及所涉及的不同可能分子途径。过氧化氢试验似乎更接近自然氧化，在520 nm处吸光度有显著下降，并且对于[M + H] = 291、331、347、493、535、581、639 Da的分子离子有类似变化。
