Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Tata-Cornell Institute for Agriculture and Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Jul 27;12(8):2239. doi: 10.3390/nu12082239.
Iron deficiency anemia affects 1.2 billion people globally. Our objectives were to determine if (1) supplemental iron extracted from defatted microalgae ( DGM) and (2) a combination of minute amount of plant phytase and inulin could help replete hemoglobin in anemic mice. Mice (7 weeks old) were fed a control diet (6 mg Fe/kg). After 10 weeks, the mice were assigned to three treatments: control, control + DGM iron (Fe-DGM, 39 mg Fe/kg), or control + 1% inulin + 250 units of phytase/kg (INU-PHY, 6 mg Fe/kg). The mice had free access to diets and water for 6 weeks. The Fe-DGM group had elevated blood hemoglobin ( < 0.01) and a two-fold greater ( < 0.0001) liver non-heme iron over the control. Strikingly, the INU-PHY group had 34% greater non-heme iron than the control, despite the same concentrations of iron in their diets. Fe-DGM group had altered ( < 0.05) mRNA levels of hepcidin, divalent metal transporter 1, transferrin and transferrin receptor 1. Iron extracted from defatted microalgae seemed to be effective in alleviating moderate anemia, and INU-PHY enhanced utilization of intrinsic iron present in the rice diet. Our findings may lead to a novel formulation of these ingredients to develop safer and bioavailable iron supplements for iron-deficient populations.
缺铁性贫血影响全球 12 亿人。我们的目的是确定（1）从脱脂微藻（DGM）中提取的补充铁，以及（2）微量植物植酸酶和菊粉的组合是否有助于补充贫血小鼠的血红蛋白。将 7 周龄的小鼠喂食对照饮食（6mgFe/kg）。10 周后，将小鼠分为三组：对照、对照+DGM 铁（Fe-DGM，39mgFe/kg）或对照+1%菊粉+250 单位植酸酶/kg（INU-PHY，6mgFe/kg）。小鼠可自由选择饮食和水，为期 6 周。Fe-DGM 组的血液血红蛋白水平升高（<0.01），肝脏非血红素铁含量比对照组高两倍（<0.0001）。引人注目的是，尽管 INU-PHY 组饮食中的铁浓度相同，但非血红素铁含量比对照组高出 34%。Fe-DGM 组的铁调素、二价金属转运蛋白 1、转铁蛋白和转铁蛋白受体 1 的 mRNA 水平发生改变（<0.05）。从脱脂微藻中提取的铁似乎能有效缓解中度贫血，而 INU-PHY 增强了大米饮食中内源性铁的利用。我们的发现可能会导致这些成分的新型配方的出现，从而为缺铁人群开发更安全、更具生物利用度的铁补充剂。
