Agris Sardegna, S.S. 291 Sassari-Fertilia km 18 600, Bonassai (Olmedo), Sardinia, Italy; Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Sassari, Design e Urbanistica, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy.
Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Sassari, Design e Urbanistica, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy.
Harmful Algae. 2020 Jul;97:101855. doi: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101855. Epub 2020 Jun 25.
In this study, the field ecology of Kryptoperidinium sp. was examined in two Mediterranean shallow lagoons, Calich (CA) and Santa Giusta (SG) in Sardinia, Italy. Kryptoperidinium cell density and the environmental conditions were examined monthly from 2008 to 2015 in CA and from 2011 to 2016 in SG. Cell morphology was determined by observing specimens taken from the field and from cultures that were established by single-cell isolation from samples collected in the two lagoons. The molecular identity of strains from each lagoon was also ascertained. The growth rates of the strains were determined under three different temperature conditions and six salinity treatments. The two wild populations shared the same morphology and the cultured strains were morphologically and molecularly identical. The SSU and 5.8S phylogenies show the presence of two clusters within the available Kryptoperidinium sequences and the strains obtained in this study clustered with others from the Mediterranean and Baltic. The multiannual dynamics of Kryptoperidinium sp. in the field significantly differed in the two lagoons, showing much higher cell densities in CA than in SG. The presence of Kryptoperidinium sp. was detected throughout the year in CA, with recurrent blooms also affecting the adjacent coastal area. In contrast, Kryptoperidinium sp. was sporadically observed in SG. The variation in the environmental parameters was fairly wide during the presence and blooms of Kryptoperidinium sp., especially in CA. The application of Generalized Linear Models to the field data revealed a significant role of rainfall and dissolved inorganic nitrogen on the presence and blooms of the species. Although growth rates were similar between the two strains, significant differences were detected for the 10 and 40 salinity treatments. The results obtained in this study add to our knowledge about the ecology of a harmful species that is not well understood in transitional ecosystems such as Mediterranean lagoons.
在这项研究中，我们研究了地中海两个浅泻湖（意大利撒丁岛的 Calich [CA] 和 Santa Giusta [SG]）中 Kryptoperidinium sp. 的实地生态学。2008 年至 2015 年期间，我们每月在 CA 进行 Kryptoperidinium 细胞密度和环境条件的检测，2011 年至 2016 年期间在 SG 进行检测。通过观察从野外采集的标本和从两个泻湖采集的样本通过单细胞分离建立的培养物来确定细胞形态。还确定了每个泻湖的菌株的分子身份。在三种不同温度条件和六种盐度处理下测定了菌株的生长率。两个野生种群具有相同的形态，培养的菌株在形态和分子上是相同的。SSU 和 5.8S 系统发育树显示，在现有的 Kryptoperidinium 序列中存在两个聚类，本研究中获得的菌株与地中海和波罗的海的其他菌株聚类在一起。该研究中，实地 Kryptoperidinium sp. 的多年动态在两个泻湖中明显不同，CA 中的细胞密度明显高于 SG。CA 全年都存在 Kryptoperidinium sp.，并且经常发生的藻华也会影响相邻的沿海地区。相比之下，SG 中 Kryptoperidinium sp. 则是偶发出现。在 Kryptoperidinium sp. 存在和藻华期间，环境参数的变化相当大，尤其是在 CA。广义线性模型在实地数据中的应用表明，降雨量和溶解无机氮对该物种的存在和爆发具有重要作用。尽管两个菌株的生长率相似，但在 10 和 40 盐度处理中检测到显著差异。本研究的结果增加了我们对在过渡生态系统（如地中海泻湖）中了解甚少的有害物种的生态学的认识。
