Wang Lin, Li Nanfang, Heizhati Mulalibieke, Abulikemu Suofeiya, Zhang Delian, Luo Qin, Zhou Ling, Hong Jing, Hu Junli, Cai Li, Zhao Xin, Sun Le, Shao Liang
Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute;National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Urumqi, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, China.
Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
Int J Hypertens. 2020 Jul 14;2020:5406485. doi: 10.1155/2020/5406485. eCollection 2020.
Hypertension is a global problem, for which high-altitude residents exhibit higher burden. Hypertension in Tajik nomads from Pamirs with an average altitude above 4000 m remains less studied. We aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated with hypertension among Tajik population in Pamirs.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2015 using stratified three-stage random sampling in Taxkorgan county, Pamirs, China. Hypertension is defined as mean systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) ≥140/90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive medication within the past two weeks. The prevalence (SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥80 mmHg) was also estimated using the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) High Blood Pressure Guideline. The awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated factors were evaluated.
Totally, 797 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled with 46.3% men and 88.8% nomads with the mean age of 42.3 ± 15.2 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.2% (140/90 mmHg), and the prevalence was as high as 40.3%, based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. Overall awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 52.8%, 40.9%, and 9.3%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression, BMI ≥24.0 kg/m (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.44-4.04) was a risk factor for prehypertension, and age ≥60 years (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15-3.61), BMI ≥24.0 kg/m (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15-3.61), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.09-3.22) were risk factors for hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers were the most commonly used antihypertensive medication (45.4%) as monotherapy, and 13.6% of treated hypertensive patients used two drugs.
There is a considerable prevalence of hypertension with low awareness, treatment, and control rates among Tajik nomads in Pamirs, where health programs improving the hypertension status are urgently needed, with the excess weight loss as a strategy.
高血压是一个全球性问题，高海拔地区居民的高血压负担更重。对于平均海拔超过4000米的帕米尔塔吉克族游牧民的高血压情况，目前研究较少。我们旨在确定帕米尔塔吉克族人群中高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率以及相关危险因素。
2015年8月至9月，在中国帕米尔高原塔什库尔干县采用分层三阶段随机抽样法进行了一项横断面调查。高血压定义为平均收缩压和/或舒张压（SBP，DBP）≥140/90 mmHg，和/或在过去两周内服用降压药物。还根据2017年美国心脏病学会（ACC）/美国心脏协会（AHA）高血压指南估计了患病率（SBP≥130或DBP≥80 mmHg）。对高血压的知晓率、治疗率、控制率及相关因素进行了评估。
共纳入797名年龄≥18岁的受试者，其中男性占46.3%，游牧民占88.8%，平均年龄为42.3±15.2岁。基于140/90 mmHg标准，高血压患病率为24.2%；根据2017年ACC/AHA指南，患病率高达40.3%。高血压的总体知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为52.8%、40.9%和9.3%。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，BMI≥24.0 kg/m²（OR：2.41，95%CI：1.44 - 4.04）是高血压前期的危险因素，年龄≥60岁（OR：2.04，95%CI：1.15 - 3.61）、BMI≥24.0 kg/m²（OR：2.04，95%CI：1.15 - 3.61）和腹型肥胖（OR：1.87，95%CI：1.09 - 3.22）是高血压的危险因素。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体阻滞剂是最常用的单药降压药物（45.4%），13.6%的高血压治疗患者使用两种药物。
帕米尔塔吉克族游牧民中高血压患病率较高，但知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低，迫切需要开展改善高血压状况的健康项目，以减轻体重为策略。
