Department of Exercise Science, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Department of Exercise Science, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2021 Apr;61(4):551-561. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.11003-X. Epub 2020 Jul 28.
The goal of this systematic and umbrella review was to regroup all systematic reviews, non-systematic reviews and all original articles into one convenient publication that would facilitate the theoretical and applied scientific investigations directed on cannabis consumption and exercise performance, to update current findings on the matters, and assess evidence quality.
The systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method. A computer-based systematic search was conducted in September 2019 through the Pubmed, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases. The reliability of the systematic search was assured by having the article selection process entirely repeated by a second author. Strength of evidence of the selected articles was assesses using a modified version of the Downs and Black Checklist.
The systematic search yielded a total of 8 peer-reviewed publications as well as 10 literature reviews. Results show that cannabis consumption prior to exercise induces decrements in performance (reduced ability to maintain effort, physical/maximal work capacity), undesired physiological responses (increased heart and breathing rate as well as myocardial oxygen demand) and neurological effects on balance (increased sway).
Based on the articles included in this review, the authors conclude that cannabis consumption has an ergolytic effect on exercise performance and therefore does not act as a sport performance enhancing agent as raised by popular beliefs. Thus, cannabis consumption prior to exercise should be avoided in order to maximize performance in sports. Further research should mimic modern THC dosage (150 mg).
本系统综述和综述的目的是将所有系统综述、非系统综述和原始文章汇总到一篇便于阅读的出版物中，以便于对大麻消费与运动表现相关的理论和应用科学研究进行整合，更新当前关于这些问题的发现，并评估证据质量。
本系统综述按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法进行。2019 年 9 月，通过 Pubmed、Scopus 和 SPORTDiscus 数据库进行了计算机系统检索。通过让第二名作者重复进行文章筛选过程，确保了系统检索的可靠性。使用 Downs 和 Black 清单的修改版本评估了所选文章的证据强度。
系统检索共产生了 8 篇同行评议出版物和 10 篇文献综述。结果表明，运动前摄入大麻会降低运动表现（降低维持努力的能力、体力/最大工作能力）、引起不良的生理反应（增加心率和呼吸率以及心肌需氧量）以及对平衡的神经影响（增加摆动）。
根据本综述中包含的文章，作者得出结论，大麻摄入对运动表现有 ergolytic 作用，因此不像流行观点认为的那样是一种增强运动表现的药物。因此，为了在运动中最大限度地提高表现，应避免在运动前摄入大麻。进一步的研究应模拟现代 THC 剂量（150mg）。
