Cancer animal models in thrombosis research.

The cancer-thrombosis relationship has been established for decades, in both cancer biology and in the clinical signs and symptoms seen in cancer patients (thrombosis in cancer patients has been associated with a worse prognosis and survival). As the link between the pathologies becomes clearer, so does the need to develop models that enable researchers to study them simultaneously in vivo. Mouse models have often been used, and they have helped determine molecular pathways between cancer spread and thrombosis in humans. This review is a summary of the current literature that describes the use of cancer mouse models in thrombosis research. We included cancer models that are not yet used in thrombosis research, but that can positively impact this area of research in the near future. We describe the most commonly used techniques to generate thrombosis as well as the mouse strains and cancer cell types that are commonly used along with inoculation techniques. We endeavoured to create a compendium of the different mouse models that are beneficial for cancer-thrombosis research, as understanding these mechanisms is crucial for creating better and more effective treatments for thrombosis in cancer patients.