Nutrition and Dietetics Department, St George Hospital, Kogarah, North South Wales, Australia.
Nephrology Department, St George Hospital, Kogarah, North South Wales, Australia.
J Ren Nutr. 2021 Jan;31(1):80-84. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2020.06.003. Epub 2020 Jul 28.
Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and have been associated with reduced health-related quality of life and malnutrition. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of taste changes in an ESKD population and to evaluate whether taste changes are associated with the presence or severity of other nutrition-related symptoms and malnutrition.
We conducted a retrospective audit of people with ESKD on conservative, nondialysis management or renal replacement therapy who had completed a taste change assessment. Taste change was assessed on a Likert scale from none to overwhelming. Descriptions of taste changes were also collected. Other outcomes included gastrointestinal symptoms collected using the iPOS-renal symptom inventory, nutritional status, and biochemical parameters.
In total, 298 patients were included in our analysis. Taste changes were reported in 38% of this cohort. Taste changes were significantly associated with upper gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and dry/sore mouth) and malnutrition.
Our findings indicate that taste changes are highly prevalent and probably under-recognized in ESKD. Further investigation of the association with malnutrition is needed. Future trials are needed to evaluate strategies to manage taste changes in this population.
胃肠道症状在终末期肾病（ESKD）中很常见，并且与健康相关的生活质量下降和营养不良有关。本研究旨在描述 ESKD 人群中味觉变化的流行情况，并评估味觉变化是否与其他与营养相关的症状和营养不良的存在或严重程度有关。
我们对接受保守、非透析管理或肾替代治疗的 ESKD 患者进行了回顾性审核，这些患者已经完成了味觉变化评估。味觉变化采用从无到强烈的李克特量表进行评估。还收集了味觉变化的描述。其他结局包括使用 iPOS-renal 症状量表评估的胃肠道症状、营养状况和生化参数。
共有 298 名患者纳入我们的分析。该队列中有 38%的患者报告有味觉变化。味觉变化与上胃肠道症状（恶心、呕吐、厌食和口干/口痛）和营养不良显著相关。
我们的研究结果表明，味觉变化在 ESKD 中非常普遍，但可能被低估了。需要进一步研究味觉变化与营养不良之间的关系。需要开展未来的试验来评估在该人群中管理味觉变化的策略。
