Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
Environ Monit Assess. 2020 Aug 1;192(8):555. doi: 10.1007/s10661-020-08431-x.
This study analyzes the impacts of spatiotemporal changes on C dynamics based on the various C pools and forest structure in western Turkey. The forest C dynamics were projected by forest inventory data between 1972 and 2016, and the spatial distribution of C storage was mapped by GIS. Total C storage increased from 1135.22 Gg in 1972 to 1816.60 Gg in 2016 with a net accumulation of 681.38 Gg. While the largest contribution to C pool was from soil organic carbon with 58.6% and 49.3% of the total C storage in 1972 and 1994, it was from living biomass with 54.0% and 57.7% in 2004 and 2016, respectively. The mean annual C sequestration was 1.57 Mg ha year, including 1.49 Mg ha year in biomass and 0.08 Mg ha year in soil over four decades. The mixed cover type was the most significant contributor to biomass, soil, and total C storages. However, the hardwood cover type was the most significant contributor to C densities due to the higher growing stock. The mature development stages (35.6 Gg year), the fully covered areas (13.2 Gg year), and the older forests have played an essential role in C sequestration. The spatial distribution of C dynamics was heterogenic due to forest cover type, forest structure, and species composition. Monitoring spatiotemporal changes in forest ecosystems in terms of forest cover type, development stage, coverages, and age class distribution can provide opportunities in developing effective forest management policies based on the ecological sustainability of C pools and mitigating climate change effects.
本研究基于土耳其西部不同碳库和森林结构的时空变化，分析了 C 动态的影响。通过 1972 年至 2016 年的森林清查数据对森林 C 动态进行预测，并通过 GIS 绘制了 C 储量的空间分布。总碳储量从 1972 年的 1135.22 Gg 增加到 2016 年的 1816.60 Gg，净积累 681.38 Gg。虽然土壤有机碳对碳库的贡献最大，占总碳储量的 58.6%和 49.3%，但在 1972 年和 1994 年，它来自于活体生物量，分别占 54.0%和 57.7%，而在 2004 年和 2016 年，它来自于活体生物量，分别占 54.0%和 57.7%。年均碳封存量为 1.57 Mg ha year，其中生物量为 1.49 Mg ha year year，土壤为 0.08 Mg ha year year。四十年间，混合覆盖类型是生物量、土壤和总碳储量的最大贡献者。然而，硬木覆盖类型是碳密度的最大贡献者，因为其更高的生长速度。成熟发展阶段（35.6 Gg year）、完全覆盖区域（13.2 Gg year）和较老的森林在碳封存方面发挥了重要作用。由于森林覆盖类型、森林结构和物种组成的不同，碳动态的空间分布存在异质性。从森林覆盖类型、发展阶段、覆盖范围和年龄组分布等方面监测森林生态系统的时空变化，可以为制定基于碳库生态可持续性和缓解气候变化影响的有效森林管理政策提供机会。
