University of Texas Health Science Centre, San Antonio, Texas, United States.
Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021;21(2):195-202. doi: 10.2174/1871530320666200730230422.
Glioma comprises of a group of heterogeneous brain tumors originating from glial cells. Primary glioblastoma is among the most common glial cells that have a characteristic clinical and molecular profile. Advancement in the field of cancer research and inventions of various clinical methodologies could not improve the median survival of this deadly tumor from 12 months. The development of a non-invasive prognostic biomarker in blood would be a revolution in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of this tumor. Extracellular vesicles (Evs) are released from the tumor microenvironment into the blood, which contains the genetic material that represents the genetics of tumor cells. It is also seen that these Evs contain a variety of RNA populations, including miRNAs. Several studies identified that circulating cell-free miRNAs, either free or present in Evs, could be considered as a potential biomarker in early diagnosis and prognosis of glioblastoma. Micro RNA studies in glioblastoma have found to be promising, as it reveals the biological pathway behind pathogenesis and helps in predicting the treatment targets. The literature says that various treatment methods change the type and quantity of miRNAs in biological fluids, which can be used to monitor the therapy. This review paper focuses on the role of circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and clinical management of glioma patients.
神经胶质瘤由起源于神经胶质细胞的一组异质性脑肿瘤组成。原发性神经胶质瘤是最常见的神经胶质细胞之一，具有特征性的临床和分子特征。癌症研究领域的进步和各种临床方法的发明并没有改善这种致命肿瘤的中位生存时间从 12 个月。在血液中开发一种非侵入性的预后生物标志物将是对这种肿瘤的诊断和治疗监测的一场革命。细胞外囊泡（EVs）从肿瘤微环境释放到血液中，其中包含代表肿瘤细胞遗传物质的遗传物质。也可以看到，这些 EVs 包含各种 RNA 群体，包括 microRNAs。几项研究表明，循环无细胞 microRNAs，无论是游离的还是存在于 EVs 中的，都可以作为胶质母细胞瘤早期诊断和预后的潜在生物标志物。在胶质母细胞瘤中进行的 microRNA 研究具有很大的潜力，因为它揭示了发病机制背后的生物学途径，并有助于预测治疗靶点。文献表明，各种治疗方法改变了生物液中 microRNAs 的类型和数量，可用于监测治疗。这篇综述文章重点介绍了循环 microRNAs 作为胶质母细胞瘤患者诊断和临床管理潜在生物标志物的作用。
