Group Biometry, Biosignals, Security, and Smart Mobility, Departamento de Matemática Aplicada a las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Grupo de Investigación en Planificación del Transporte, Transport Research Centre (TRANSyT), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Aug 2;20(15):4315. doi: 10.3390/s20154315.
Bicycle Sharing Systems (BSSs) are exponentially increasing in the urban mobility sector. They are traditionally conceived as a last-mile complement to the public transport system. In this paper, we demonstrate that BSSs can be seen as a public transport system in their own right. To do so, we build a mathematical framework for the classification of BSS trips. Using trajectory information, we create the , which characterizes the intrinsic purpose of the use of BSS as or . The construction of the trip index required a specific analysis of the BSS shortest path, which cannot be directly calculated from the topology of the network given that cyclists can find shortcuts through traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, etc. to reduce the overall traveled distance. Adding a layer of complication to the problem, these shortcuts have a non-trivial existence in terms of being intermittent, or short lived. We applied the proposed methodology to empirical data from BiciMAD, the public BSS in Madrid (Spain). The obtained results show that the trip index correctly determines transport and leisure categories, which exhibit distinct statistical and operational features. Finally, we inferred the underlying BSS public transport network and show the fundamental trajectories traveled by users. Based on this analysis, we conclude that 90.60% of BiciMAD's use fall in the category of transport, which demonstrates our first statement.
自行车共享系统 (BSS) 在城市交通领域呈指数级增长。它们传统上被认为是公共交通系统的最后一英里补充。在本文中，我们证明 BSS 本身可以被视为公共交通系统。为此，我们构建了一个用于 BSS 行程分类的数学框架。使用轨迹信息，我们创建了 ，它将 BSS 使用的内在目的描述为通勤或休闲。行程指数的构建需要对 BSS 最短路径进行特定分析，由于自行车可以通过交通信号灯、行人横道等找到捷径来减少总行驶距离，因此无法直接从网络拓扑结构计算出最短路径。这些捷径的存在具有间歇性或短暂性，使问题更加复杂。我们将提出的方法应用于来自马德里公共 BSS（西班牙马德里的 BiciMAD）的实证数据。得到的结果表明，行程指数可以正确确定通勤和休闲类别，这些类别具有明显的统计和运营特征。最后，我们推断出 BSS 公共交通网络的基础，并展示了用户所行驶的基本轨迹。基于此分析，我们得出结论，90.60%的 BiciMAD 使用情况属于通勤类别，这证明了我们的第一个陈述。
