Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Houston, TX.
Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2020 Aug 4;29(3):1116-1132. doi: 10.1044/2020_AJSLP-19-00179.
Purpose Speech-language pathologists have both a professional and ethical responsibility to provide culturally competent services to dual language learners (DLLs). In this tutorial, we recommend that clinicians use a comprehensive assessment of converging evidence to make diagnostic decisions in DLLs in accordance with the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Code of Ethics. The content of this tutorial is most appropriate for Spanish-English DLLs between the ages of 4 and 8 years. Method We propose a converging evidence approach, in which one single method is not the deciding factor in making diagnostic decisions regarding the dual language and speech production skills of DLLs. Converging evidence refers to the idea that multiple pieces of assessment data must come together and trend in the same direction to make a diagnostic decision. We recommend gathering assessment data using a combination of language experience questionnaires, bilingual language sample analysis using large-scale reference databases, evaluation of learning potential, and standardized testing. These four assessment methods allow clinicians to examine the child in different contexts to determine their strengths and weakness in communication abilities. Conclusion We illustrate the converging evidence framework using two case studies to guide the clinician through the diagnostic decision-making process.
目的 言语语言病理学家有专业和道德责任为双语学习者（DLL）提供文化能力胜任的服务。在本教程中，我们建议临床医生根据美国言语语言听力协会的道德规范，使用综合评估汇聚证据来为 DLL 做出诊断决策。本教程的内容最适合年龄在 4 到 8 岁之间的西班牙语-英语 DLL。方法 我们提出了一种汇聚证据的方法，即单一方法不是做出关于 DLL 的双语和言语产生技能的诊断决策的决定因素。汇聚证据是指多个评估数据必须汇聚并朝着同一方向发展，以做出诊断决策的理念。我们建议使用语言经验问卷、使用大规模参考数据库的双语语言样本分析、学习潜力评估和标准化测试的组合来收集评估数据。这四种评估方法使临床医生能够在不同的环境中检查孩子，以确定他们在沟通能力方面的优势和劣势。结论 我们使用两个案例研究来说明汇聚证据框架，以指导临床医生完成诊断决策过程。
