Cesarean scar pregnancy combined with arteriovenous malformation successfully treated with transvaginal fertility-sparing surgery: A case report and literature review.

INTRODUCTION

A cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP), when combined with an arteriovenous malformation (AVM), is a rare, but potentially life-threatening condition that may be associated with uncontrolled hemorrhage. Hysterectomy is indicated when conservative treatment fails. Preservation of fertility is challenging.

PATIENT CONCERNS

We reported a 33-year-old woman with a CSP combined with an AVM who failed methotrexate administration as conservative treatment.

DIAGNOSES

A CSP combined with an AVM was diagnosed via three-dimensional color Doppler angiogram and magnetic resonance imaging.

INTERVENTIONS

Transvaginal removal of the ectopic gestation and repair of the uterine defect was performed without incident.

OUTCOMES

The fertility of the patient was preserved and hysterectomy was avoided.

CONCLUSION

Transvaginal fertility-sparing surgery may be successfully performed to prevent hysterectomy when conservative treatment fails in patients with a CSP combined with an AVM.