Unidade de Pesquisa Urogenital, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Uerj, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Int Braz J Urol. 2021 Jan-Feb;47(1):36-44. doi: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2021.99.03.
This review aims to study the role of the abdominal wall in testicular migration process during the human fetal period.
We performed a descriptive review of the literature about the role of the abdominal wall in testicular migration during the human fetal period.
The rise in intra-abdominal pressure is a supporting factor for testicular migration. This process has two phases: the abdominal and the inguinal-scrotal stages. The passage of the testis through the inguinal canal occurs very quickly between 21 and 25 WPC. Bilateral cryptorchidism in Prune Belly syndrome is explained by the impaired contraction of the muscles of the abdominal wall; mechanical obstruction due to bladder distention and structural alteration of the inguinal canal, which hampers the passage of the testis during the inguinoscrotal stage of testicular migration. Abdominal wall defects as gastroschisis and omphaloceles are associated with undescended testes in around 30 to 40% of the cases.
Abdominal pressure wound is an auxiliary force in testicular migration. Patients with abdominal wall defects are associated with undescendend testis in more than 30% of the cases probably due to mechanical factors; the Prune Belly Syndrome has anatomical changes in the anterior abdominal wall that hinder the increase of intra-abdominal pressure which could be the cause of cryptorchidism in this syndrome.
本综述旨在研究人类胎儿期腹壁在睾丸迁移过程中的作用。
我们对人类胎儿期腹壁在睾丸迁移过程中的作用的文献进行了描述性综述。
腹内压升高是睾丸迁移的支持因素。这个过程有两个阶段：腹部和腹股沟-阴囊阶段。睾丸通过腹股沟管的过程非常迅速，发生在 21 至 25 周龄之间。普拉内腹壁综合征中的双侧隐睾可解释为腹壁肌肉收缩受损；膀胱膨胀引起的机械性梗阻和腹股沟管结构改变，阻碍了睾丸在睾丸迁移的腹股沟-阴囊阶段的通过。腹壁缺陷，如腹裂和脐膨出，与大约 30%至 40%的未降睾丸有关。
腹部压力是睾丸迁移的辅助力量。腹壁缺陷的患者中，大约 30%的患者存在未降睾丸，这可能是由于机械因素所致；普拉内腹壁综合征的前腹壁存在解剖结构改变，阻碍了腹内压的增加，这可能是该综合征中隐睾的原因。
