Department of Family Medicine, Division of Sports Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Department of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Sleep Health. 2021 Feb;7(1):43-48. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.06.009. Epub 2020 Aug 2.
Ongoing exploration of factors related to poor sleep in collegiate athletes is important as understanding of the risks and consequences of poor sleep in this specific population increases.
Retrospective cohort study.
University in the Pacific Northwest.
One-hundred thirty-seven male and female collegiate athletes across 5 collision, contact, and limited contact team sports.
Depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire 9; PHQ-9), anxiety symptoms (General Anxiety Disorder 7; GAD-7), and somatic complaints (Patient Health Questionnaire 15; PHQ-15). Sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI) used both a cutoff score ≥6 and a cutoff score of ≥8, indicating "poor sleep quality" to reduce threats to divergent validity.
Poor sleep quality as defined by PSQI ≥ 6 was present in 53% of athletes, and as defined by PSQI ≥ 8 was identified in 33.5% of the cohort. There were no differences in the incidence of poor sleepers between sport, race/ethnicity, or sex. Multiple regression analysis revealed that depressive symptoms, somatic complaints, Caucasian race, male sex, and number of concussions were significant predictors of poor sleep (P < .05). The model accounted for 43% of the variance in PSQI and primarily by depressive symptoms explaining 9% of reported sleep quality variability. Anxiety symptoms, sport category, and history of migraines were not significant predictors of poor sleep quality.
A high incidence of poor sleep among collegiate athletes was observed regardless of sport, and may be related to depressive symptoms, somatic complaints, Caucasian race, male sex, and historical number of concussions.
不断探索与大学生运动员睡眠质量差相关的因素非常重要，因为人们越来越了解这一特定人群睡眠质量差的风险和后果。
回顾性队列研究。
太平洋西北地区的一所大学。
来自 5 个碰撞、接触和限制接触团队运动项目的 137 名男女大学生运动员。
抑郁症状（患者健康问卷 9 项；PHQ-9）、焦虑症状（广泛性焦虑障碍 7 项；GAD-7）和躯体症状（患者健康问卷 15 项；PHQ-15）。睡眠质量（匹兹堡睡眠质量指数；PSQI）同时使用了得分≥6 和得分≥8 的截断值，以降低对发散有效性的威胁，表明“睡眠质量差”。
根据 PSQI≥6 定义，53%的运动员存在睡眠质量差，根据 PSQI≥8 定义，33.5%的运动员存在睡眠质量差。不同运动项目、种族/族裔和性别之间睡眠质量差的发生率没有差异。多元回归分析显示，抑郁症状、躯体症状、白种人、男性和脑震荡次数是睡眠质量差的显著预测因素（P<.05）。该模型解释了 PSQI 43%的方差，主要是抑郁症状解释了 9%的报告睡眠质量变异性。焦虑症状、运动类别和偏头痛史不是睡眠质量差的显著预测因素。
观察到大学生运动员中存在较高的睡眠质量差发生率，无论运动项目如何，这可能与抑郁症状、躯体症状、白种人、男性和历史上的脑震荡次数有关。
