大学生运动员多次脑震荡与多维睡眠质量的关系。
The relationship between multiple concussions and multidimensional sleep quality in collegiate-aged, active athletes.
机构信息
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
出版信息
Sleep Health. 2024 Aug;10(4):441-448. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2024.04.005. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
OBJECTIVES
Determine the association of cumulative concussion and repetitive head impacts with self-reported sleep quality in healthy collegiate-aged athletes.
METHODS
Collegiate-aged athletes (N = 212; mean age 21.00, 62.7% male) completed semistructured interviews for sport and concussion history and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Number of concussions was retrospectively determined based on the 1993 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM) criteria; repetitive head impact was measured based on the cumulative years of contact sport exposure. Associations of number of concussions and repetitive head impact exposure with global PSQI score, overall poor (PSQI >5) vs. good sleep, and binarized subscale scores were tested. Secondary analyses were conducted using alternative concussion criteria and metrics of repetitive head impact.
RESULTS
The number of prior concussions was associated with higher PSQI global scores (B(SE)= 0.50(0.13), p < .001). Participants with more concussions were more likely to be poor sleepers (OR=1.52, p < .001), report poorer sleep quality (OR=1.29, p = .037), longer sleep latency (OR=1.34, p = .005), more sleep disturbances (OR=1.56, p = .001), increased use of sleep medications or sleep aids (OR=1.35, p = .008), and more sleep-related daily dysfunction (OR=1.38, p = .002). Similar results were observed for alternative definitions of concussion. No metric of repetitive head impact was associated with any sleep quality metric.
CONCLUSIONS
More prior concussions, but not repetitive head impact exposure, are associated with worse self-reported sleep, with subscale analyses showing concussion history associated with multiple aspects of subjective sleep quality rather than sleep quantity. Sleep represents an important factor to consider for future research aimed at characterizing and ultimately preventing adverse long-term health outcomes associated with concussion history.
目的
确定累积性脑震荡和重复性头部冲击与健康大学生运动员自我报告的睡眠质量之间的关联。
方法
大学生运动员（N=212；平均年龄 21.00 岁，62.7%为男性）完成了关于运动和脑震荡史以及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）的半结构化访谈。根据 1993 年美国康复医学大会（ACRM）标准，回顾性确定脑震荡次数；根据接触性运动暴露的累计年数测量重复性头部冲击。测试了脑震荡次数和重复性头部冲击暴露与 PSQI 总分、整体较差（PSQI>5）与较好睡眠以及二分类子量表得分之间的关联。使用替代的脑震荡标准和重复性头部冲击指标进行了二次分析。
结果
先前脑震荡的次数与 PSQI 总分较高相关（B(SE)=0.50(0.13)，p<0.001）。有更多脑震荡的参与者更有可能是睡眠质量差的人（OR=1.52，p<0.001），报告睡眠质量更差（OR=1.29，p=0.037），睡眠潜伏期更长（OR=1.34，p=0.005），睡眠障碍更多（OR=1.56，p=0.001），更多使用睡眠药物或助眠剂（OR=1.35，p=0.008），以及更多与睡眠相关的日常功能障碍（OR=1.38，p=0.002）。对于替代的脑震荡定义，也观察到类似的结果。重复性头部冲击的任何指标都与任何睡眠质量指标无关。
结论
更多的先前脑震荡，而不是重复性头部冲击暴露，与自我报告的睡眠质量较差相关，子量表分析显示脑震荡史与主观睡眠质量的多个方面相关，而不仅仅是睡眠量。睡眠是未来研究的一个重要考虑因素，旨在描述和最终预防与脑震荡史相关的不良长期健康后果。
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