Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Experimental Ecology of Marine Organisms, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Av. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Oct 15;739:140261. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140261. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
The accumulation of anthropogenic chemical substances in aquatic organisms is an immensely important issue from the point of view of environmental protection. In the context of the increasing number and variety of compounds that may potentially enter the environment, there is a need for efficient and reliable solutions to assess the risks. However, the classic approach of testing with fish or other animals is not sufficient. Due to very high costs, significant time and labour intensity, as well as ethical concerns, in vivo methods need to be replaced by new laboratory-based tools. So far, many models have been developed to estimate the bioconcentration potential of chemicals. However, most of them are not sufficiently reliable and their predictions are based on limited input data, often obtained with doubtful quality. The octanol-water partition coefficient is still often used as the main laboratory tool for estimating bioconcentration. However, according to current knowledge, this method can lead to very unreliable results, both for neutral species and, above all, for ionic compounds. It is therefore essential to start using new, more advanced and credible solutions on a large scale. Over the last years, many in vitro methods have been newly developed or improved, allowing for a much more adequate estimation of the bioconcentration potential. Therefore, the aim of this work was to review the most recent laboratory methods for assessing the bioconcentration potential and to evaluate their applicability in further research.
水生生物中人为化学物质的积累，从环境保护的角度来看，是一个极其重要的问题。随着可能进入环境的化合物数量和种类的不断增加，需要高效、可靠的方法来评估风险。然而，经典的鱼类或其他动物测试方法并不足够。由于成本非常高、时间和劳动力强度大，以及伦理问题，体内方法需要被新的基于实验室的工具所取代。到目前为止，已经开发了许多模型来估计化学物质的生物浓缩潜力。然而，大多数模型都不够可靠，它们的预测基于有限的输入数据，这些数据通常是用可疑的质量获得的。辛醇-水分配系数仍然经常被用作估计生物浓缩的主要实验室工具。然而，根据目前的知识，这种方法对于中性物质，尤其是对于离子化合物，会导致非常不可靠的结果。因此，必须开始大规模使用新的、更先进和更可信的解决方案。在过去的几年中，已经开发或改进了许多新的体外方法，使得对生物浓缩潜力的估计更加合理。因此，本工作的目的是综述评估生物浓缩潜力的最新实验室方法，并评估它们在进一步研究中的适用性。
