氨基酸对肠道防御系统的影响。

Impacts of Amino Acids on the Intestinal Defensive System.

机构信息

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product, Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1265:133-151. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_8.

DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_8

PMID:32761574

Abstract

The intestine interacts with a diverse community of antigens and bacteria. To keep its homeostasis, the gut has evolved with a complex defense system, including intestinal microbiota, epithelial layer and lamina propria. Various factors (e.g., nutrients) affect the intestinal defensive system and progression of intestinal diseases. This review highlights the current understanding about the role of amino acids (AAs) in protecting the intestine from harm. Amino acids (e.g., arginine, glutamine and tryptophan) are essential for the function of intestinal microbiota, epithelial cells, tight junction, goblet cells, Paneth cells and immune cells (e.g., macrophages, B cells and T cells). Through the modulation of the intestinal defensive system, AAs maintain the integrity and function of the intestinal mucosa and inhibit the progression of various intestinal diseases (e.g., intestinal infection and intestinal colitis). Thus, adequate intake of functional AAs is crucial for intestinal and whole-body health in humans and other animals.

摘要

肠道与多种抗原和细菌相互作用。为了保持其体内平衡，肠道进化出了复杂的防御系统，包括肠道微生物群、上皮层和固有层。各种因素（例如营养物质）会影响肠道防御系统和肠道疾病的发展。本综述强调了目前对氨基酸（AAs）在保护肠道免受伤害方面的作用的理解。氨基酸（例如精氨酸、谷氨酰胺和色氨酸）对肠道微生物群、上皮细胞、紧密连接、杯状细胞、潘氏细胞和免疫细胞（例如巨噬细胞、B 细胞和 T 细胞）的功能至关重要。通过调节肠道防御系统，氨基酸维持肠道黏膜的完整性和功能，并抑制各种肠道疾病（例如肠道感染和结肠炎）的进展。因此，人类和其他动物摄入足够的功能性氨基酸对于肠道和全身健康至关重要。