Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, School of Medicine, LAIB-IMIB University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1265:187-199. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_11.
Amino acids are the building blocks of all proteins, including the most abundant fibrous proteins in the skin, as keratins, collagen and elastin. Sagging and wrinkled skin are features of chronic sun-damaged and aged uncared skin, and they are mainly associated with the deterioration of collagen and elastic fibers. The maintenance of skin structures by self-repair processes is essential to skin health. Thus, amino acids significantly impact the appearance of the skin. Amino acids are important nutrients required for (a) wound healing promotion and repair of the damaged skin; (b) acid-base balance and water retention in cellular layers, such as stratum corneum; (c) protection against sunlight damage; (d) maintenance of an appropriate skin microbiome. This review highlights the contribution of all proteinogenic amino acids and some related metabolites to the skin structures as constituents of the main cutaneous proteins or as signaling molecules for the regulation and determination of skin physiology.
氨基酸是所有蛋白质的组成部分，包括皮肤中最丰富的纤维状蛋白质，如角蛋白、胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白。皮肤松弛和皱纹是慢性阳光损伤和未护理衰老皮肤的特征，主要与胶原蛋白和弹性纤维的恶化有关。皮肤自我修复过程对皮肤健康至关重要。因此，氨基酸对皮肤的外观有重要影响。氨基酸是促进伤口愈合和修复受损皮肤所必需的重要营养素；（b）酸碱平衡和细胞层（如角质层）的水分保持；（c）抵御阳光伤害；（d）维持适当的皮肤微生物组。本综述强调了所有蛋白质氨基酸和一些相关代谢物对皮肤结构的贡献，作为主要皮肤蛋白的成分或作为调节和确定皮肤生理的信号分子。
