Appiah Prince Kubi, Bukari Mohammed, Yiri-Erong Simon Nidoolah, Owusu Kwabena, Atanga George Borogyante, Nimirkpen Stephen, Kuubabongnaa Blaise Bagyliku, Adjuik Martin
Department of Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
Department of Medical Law and Ethics, Asian Institute for Bioethics and Health Law, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Int J Reprod Med. 2020 Jul 19;2020:1653076. doi: 10.1155/2020/1653076. eCollection 2020.
In sub-Saharan Africa, there is high coverage of the recommended four or more times antenatal care (ANC) visits during pregnancy without complications; notwithstanding this achievement, the negative birth outcomes related to childbirth such as low birth weights and stillbirths are still high despite the increased access to antenatal services. Hence, the study assessed the association between antenatal attendance and birth weight in the Wa East District.
The cross-sectional study design was used with a semistructured questionnaire to collect data from mothers who delivered within a one-year period through a review of antenatal and birth records from health facilities where the women delivered and interviewed. The chi-squared test and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to establish the association between normal birth weight and ANC services the woman received and other predictor variables, and value < 0.05 was considered a significant association between dependent and independent variables.
The study involved 233 women. About 62.2% attended ANC clinics 4+ times before giving birth, 70.0% did not received the minimum ANC services required for every pregnant woman, 0.9% of pregnancies resulted in stillbirth, and 24.5% of babies born had a birth weight < 2.5 kg. Women marital status (legally married) [AOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.33-6.89, = 0.044], religion (Islam) [AOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.08-0.39, = 0.013], and educational level (SHS/tertiary) [AOR: 4.27, 95% CI: 0.08-0.88, = 0.031] were the background characteristics associated with normal birth weight (2.5-40 kg). Also, women who had their urine tested at the ANC clinics [AOR: 6.59, 95% CI: 8.48-15.07, < 0.001] and women who received a long-lasting insecticide-treated net [AOR: 2.17, 95% CI: 0.03-0.92, = 0.039] from the ANC clinic were associated with normal birth weight.
Notwithstanding the benefits of antenatal care services, only 62.2% of pregnant women attended 4 or more ANC visits before giving birth, while 70% did not received the services they need. These might have influence the 24.5% of babies born with a low birth weight. Therefore, there is a need for special attention from all stakeholders to reverse the trend.
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，孕期无并发症的孕妇接受推荐的四次或更多次产前检查（ANC）的覆盖率很高；尽管取得了这一成就，但尽管获得产前服务的机会增加了，与分娩相关的不良出生结局，如低体重和死产仍然很高。因此，本研究评估了瓦东区产前检查次数与出生体重之间的关联。
采用横断面研究设计，通过回顾产妇分娩所在医疗机构的产前和出生记录，并对产妇进行访谈，使用半结构化问卷收集在一年内分娩的母亲的数据。进行卡方检验、单变量和多变量逻辑回归，以确定正常出生体重与妇女接受的ANC服务及其他预测变量之间的关联，P值<0.05被认为是因变量和自变量之间存在显著关联。
该研究涉及233名妇女。约62.2%的妇女在分娩前到ANC诊所就诊4次及以上，70.0%的妇女未接受每个孕妇所需的最低ANC服务，0.9%的妊娠导致死产，24.5%的新生儿出生体重<2.5千克。妇女的婚姻状况（合法结婚）[比值比（AOR）：2.05，95%置信区间（CI）：1.33 - 6.89，P = 0.044]、宗教信仰（伊斯兰教）[AOR：0.33，95% CI：0.08 - 0.39，P = 0.013]和教育水平（高中/大专）[AOR：4.27，95% CI：0.08 - 0.88，P = 0.031]是与正常出生体重（2.5 - 到4.0千克）相关的背景特征。此外，在ANC诊所进行过尿液检测的妇女[AOR：6.59，95% CI：8.48 - 15.07，P < 0.001]以及从ANC诊所获得长效驱虫蚊帐的妇女[AOR：2.17，95% CI：0.03 - 0.92，P = 0.039]与正常出生体重相关。
尽管产前保健服务有诸多益处，但只有62.2%的孕妇在分娩前进行了4次或更多次ANC就诊，而70%的孕妇未获得所需服务。这些情况可能影响了24.5%低出生体重儿的出生。因此，所有利益相关者需要特别关注以扭转这一趋势。
