Tahta Alican, Turgut Mehmet
Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Medipol University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Neurosurgery, Aydın Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Efeler, Aydın, Turkey.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2020 Dec;36(12):2939-2947. doi: 10.1007/s00381-020-04851-9. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is the most prevalent cause of intractable epilepsy in children. It was first described by Taylor et al. in 1971. In 2011, the International League against Epilepsy described an international consensus of classification for FCD. However, the exact mechanism causing this pathology remains unclear. The diagnosis and recognition of FCD increase with the advances in neuroradiology and electrophysiology.
In this paper, we discuss the literature regarding management of FCD with a focus on etiology, pathophysiology, classification, clinical presentation, and imaging modalities. We will also discuss certain variables affecting surgical outcome of patients with FCD.
Based on our review findings, it is concluded that surgical management with complete resection of the lesion following preoperative localization of the epileptogenic zone in patients with FCD subtypes can provide a seizure-free outcome.
局灶性皮质发育不良（FCD）是儿童难治性癫痫最常见的病因。它于1971年由泰勒等人首次描述。2011年，国际抗癫痫联盟描述了FCD的国际分类共识。然而，导致这种病理状况的确切机制仍不清楚。随着神经放射学和电生理学的进展，FCD的诊断和识别率有所提高。
在本文中，我们讨论了有关FCD治疗的文献，重点关注病因、病理生理学、分类、临床表现和影像学检查方法。我们还将讨论影响FCD患者手术结果的某些变量。
根据我们的综述结果，得出结论，对于FCD亚型患者，在术前确定致痫区后进行病变完全切除的手术治疗可实现无癫痫发作的结果。
