State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China.
Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Nov;27(31):38472-38490. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10302-4. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
Global warming is considered as the main environmental stress affecting ecosystems as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics, and survivability of living organisms. High temperature induces various stresses and causes reduction of fertility through reducing the oocyte developmental competence and alteration in surrounding cells' functions. This causes major economic loss to livestock creating a selective pressure on animals to the advantage of better adapted genotypes and to the detriment of others. In this review, a search in Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SID databases until 2020 was conducted. Keywords which include heat stress, shock, high temperature, oocyte, cumulus, and animals were investigated. Studies have exhibited that heat stress can disturb the development and function of oocyte and cumulus cells (CCs) concerning reproductive efficiency. Heat stress has deleterious consequences on oocyte maturation and development via reduced number of polar body extrusion, adenosine monophosphate, and guanosine monophosphate synthesis. Heat stress caused the alteration of cytoplasmic and nuclear features as well as trans-zonal projections and gap junctions. In addition, heat stress is accompanied with reduced mitochondrial activity (copy mDNA number, distribution, and membrane potential) in cumulus-oocyte complexes. This review targets the description of results in the most recent studies that aimed to call attention to the influences of heat stress on molecular, functional, and cellular changes in oocytes and CCs in animals to design evidence on the acting mechanisms as the core of this problem from a comparative review.
全球变暖被认为是影响生态系统以及生物生理和生化特性以及生物生存能力的主要环境压力。高温会通过降低卵母细胞的发育能力和改变周围细胞的功能而导致各种压力，并降低生育能力。这会给畜牧业造成重大经济损失，对动物产生选择性压力，有利于更好适应的基因型，而不利于其他基因型。在这篇综述中，我们在 Science Direct、Google Scholar、PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 SID 数据库中进行了搜索，检索时间截至 2020 年。使用的关键词包括热应激、休克、高温、卵母细胞、卵丘和动物。研究表明，热应激会干扰卵母细胞和卵丘细胞（CCs）的发育和功能，从而降低生殖效率。热应激通过减少极体排放、腺苷一磷酸和鸟苷一磷酸的合成，对卵母细胞成熟和发育产生有害影响。热应激会导致细胞质和细胞核特征以及跨带突和缝隙连接发生改变。此外，热应激伴随着卵丘-卵母细胞复合体中线粒体活性的降低（线粒体 DNA 数量、分布和膜电位）。本综述旨在描述最近研究中的结果，这些结果旨在引起人们对热应激对动物卵母细胞和 CCs 中分子、功能和细胞变化的影响的关注，从比较综述的角度设计有关该问题核心作用机制的证据。
