Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia and Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 Jan;73(1):48-52. doi: 10.1002/art.41475. Epub 2020 Nov 27.
To evaluate the susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with autoimmune conditions treated with antimalarials in a population-based study.
All residents treated with chloroquine (CQ)/hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) from July through December 2019 and living in 3 provinces of Regione Emilia-Romagna were identified by drug prescription registries and matched with the registry containing all residents living in the same areas who have had swabs and tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.
A total of 4,408 patients were identified. The prevalence of patients receiving antimalarials was 0.85 per 1,000 men and 3.3 per 1,000 women. The cumulative incidence of testing during the study period was 2.7% in the general population and 3.8% among those receiving CQ or HCQ, while the cumulative incidence of testing positive was 0.55% in the general population and 0.70% among those receiving CQ/HCQ. Multivariate models showed that those receiving CQ/HCQ had a slightly higher probability of being tested compared to the general population (OR 1.09 [95% CI 0.94-1.28]), the same probability of being diagnosed as having COVID-19 (OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.66-1.34]), and a slightly lower probability of being positive once tested (OR 0.83 [95% CI 0.56-1.23]). None of the differences were significant.
Our findings do not support the use of antimalarials as a prophylactic treatment of COVID-19.
在一项基于人群的研究中，评估在使用抗疟药物治疗自身免疫性疾病的患者中对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的易感性。
通过药物处方登记册确定 2019 年 7 月至 12 月期间在艾米利亚-罗马涅地区（Regione Emilia-Romagna）使用氯喹（CQ）/羟氯喹（HCQ）治疗的所有居民，并将其与包含居住在同一地区且接受过拭子检测且 SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阳性的所有居民的登记册进行匹配。计算比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
共确定了 4408 名患者。接受抗疟药物治疗的患者患病率为每 1000 名男性中 0.85 例，每 1000 名女性中 3.3 例。在研究期间，一般人群的检测累积发生率为 2.7%，而接受 CQ 或 HCQ 治疗的人群为 3.8%，而一般人群的检测阳性累积发生率为 0.55%，而接受 CQ/HCQ 治疗的人群为 0.70%。多变量模型显示，与一般人群相比，接受 CQ/HCQ 治疗的人群接受检测的可能性略高（OR 1.09 [95%CI 0.94-1.28]），被诊断为 COVID-19 的可能性相同（OR 0.94 [95%CI 0.66-1.34]），而检测阳性的可能性略低（OR 0.83 [95%CI 0.56-1.23]）。这些差异均无统计学意义。
我们的研究结果不支持使用抗疟药物作为 COVID-19 的预防性治疗。
