Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues Research, Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Psychophysiology. 2020 Nov;57(11):e13660. doi: 10.1111/psyp.13660. Epub 2020 Aug 7.
Type D personality has been consistently associated with adverse cardiovascular health with atypical cardiovascular reactions to psychological stress one potential underlying mechanism. As Type D individuals have been noted to report lower social support and greater perceptions of negativity in social interactions, this study examined if the association between Type D personality and cardiovascular reactivity was mediated by these social relationships. A sample of 195 undergraduate students (138 female) participated in this observational study, where they completed measures assessing Type D personality (DS14), social support, and perceptions of negative social relationships (National Institute of Health social relationship scales), before undergoing a traditional cardiovascular reactivity protocol. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP; DBP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were monitored throughout. ANCOVAs and regressions indicated that Type D personality was associated with lower cardiovascular reactivity to a mental arithmetic stressor. Furthermore, mediation analyses (process macro) indicated that the relationship between Type D personality and cardiovascular reactivity was mediated via increased perceptions of negative social relationships, as well as lower levels of social support. Apart from a significant association between Type D personality and increased HR reactivity, all results failed to withstand adjustment for the individual effects of negative affect (NA) and social inhibition (SI) in controlled analyses. Overall, these findings suggest that the predictive utility of Type D personality on cardiovascular reactivity above and beyond the individual effects of NA and SI is limited, and may vary depending on the cardiovascular parameter of focus.
D 型人格与不良心血管健康相关，其对心理压力的心血管反应不同，这是一个潜在的潜在机制。由于 D 型个体被认为报告社交支持较低，社交互动中负面感知更多，因此本研究探讨了 D 型人格与心血管反应性之间的关联是否由这些社交关系介导。本观察性研究共纳入 195 名本科生（138 名女性），他们完成了 D 型人格量表（DS14）、社会支持和对负面社交关系的感知（国家卫生研究院社会关系量表）的评估，然后接受传统的心血管反应性测试。在整个过程中监测收缩压和舒张压（SBP；DBP）、心率（HR）、心输出量（CO）和总外周阻力（TPR）。ANCOVA 和回归分析表明，D 型人格与心理算术应激时的心血管反应性降低有关。此外，中介分析（过程宏）表明，D 型人格与心血管反应性之间的关系通过增加对负面社交关系的感知以及降低社会支持水平来介导。除了 D 型人格与 HR 反应性增加之间存在显著关联外，所有结果在控制分析中均未通过对负性情绪（NA）和社交抑制（SI）的个体效应进行调整而得以维持。总体而言，这些发现表明，D 型人格对心血管反应性的预测能力，除了 NA 和 SI 的个体效应之外，是有限的，并且可能取决于关注的心血管参数而有所不同。
