Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
Psychol Health. 2009 Jun;24(5):489-500. doi: 10.1080/08870440701885616.
Type D personality is predictive of adverse clinical outcome and psychological distress in cardiac patients. However, the mechanisms by which Type D affects health are largely unknown. This study (1) investigated the relationship between Type D and cardiovascular reactivity to experimentally induced stress and (2) tested the influence of Type D on subjective feelings of stress. Eighty four healthy young adults (50% males, mean (SD) age 22 (6.84) years), completed measures of Type D personality, stress arousal and a stress-inducing procedure involving a taxing mental arithmetic task. Cardiovascular measures were recorded throughout the experiment. Mixed measures ANOVA showed a significant main effect of Type D and a significant group by time effect of Type D on cardiac output in male participants. Type D males exhibit significantly higher cardiac output during the stressor phase compared to non-Type D males. However, there was no relationship between Type D and cardiovascular reactivity in females. In addition, Type D individuals exhibited significantly higher feelings of subjective stress compared to non-Type D's. These findings provide new evidence on Type D and suggest that Type D may affect health through increased cardiac output and higher subjective feelings of stress following acute stress.
D 型人格可预测心脏病人的不良临床结局和心理困扰。然而，D 型人格影响健康的机制在很大程度上尚不清楚。本研究（1）调查了 D 型人格与实验诱导的应激时心血管反应之间的关系，（2）测试了 D 型人格对主观应激感的影响。84 名健康的年轻成年人（50%为男性，平均（SD）年龄 22（6.84）岁）完成了 D 型人格、应激唤醒和一项包括繁琐心算任务的应激诱导程序的测量。整个实验过程中记录了心血管指标。混合方差分析显示，D 型人格对男性参与者的心输出量有显著的主效应和 D 型人格与时间的显著交互作用。与非 D 型男性相比，D 型男性在应激阶段的心输出量显著增加。然而，D 型人格与女性的心血管反应之间没有关系。此外，D 型个体表现出比非 D 型个体更高的主观应激感。这些发现为 D 型人格提供了新的证据，并表明 D 型人格可能通过急性应激后增加的心输出量和更高的主观应激感来影响健康。
