Author Affiliations: College of Nursing, Seoul National University (Ms Kim); Department of Marketing, VUNO (Ms Yang); College of Nursing, Seoul National University (Dr Lee); Graduate School of Education, Dongguk University (Dr Shin), Seoul, Korea.
Cancer Nurs. 2021;44(6):E715-E726. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000871.
The results of previous experimental studies have been inconsistent in the effect of preoperative education on postoperative outcomes, and there have been no meta-analyses focusing solely on preoperative education for patients with cancer.
To identify the magnitude and direction of the effects of preoperative education and to investigate the influence of moderators on postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing cancer-related surgery.
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Cochrane guidelines. Electronic databases were searched until October 2019 using Cochrane database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies on preoperative education interventions. Ten studies with 45 effect sizes were analyzed in this meta-analysis, and the standardized mean difference was calculated based on Hedges' g as an effect size.
Meta-analysis showed that the overall effect size of preoperative education was moderate. Preoperative education improved cancer patients' knowledge and satisfaction and reduced pain. The effects of preoperative education were greater in younger age groups when delivered using verbal or combined educational methods.
This meta-analysis demonstrated the importance of preoperative educational interventions not only in terms of their surgery-related cognitive aspects but also in terms of the physical and psychological aspects linked to the cancer surgery.
Interventions to provide the most effective preoperative education for patients with cancer in the hospital setting are required, and this information can be used to develop evidence-based education strategies for patients undergoing cancer-related surgery.
先前的实验研究结果表明，术前教育对术后结果的影响不一致，且尚无专门针对癌症患者术前教育的荟萃分析。
确定术前教育对术后结果的影响程度和方向，并探讨调节因素对癌症相关手术患者术后结果的影响。
按照 Cochrane 指南进行系统评价和荟萃分析。使用 Cochrane 数据库、MEDLINE、EMBASE 和 CINAHL 电子数据库，对术前教育干预的随机对照试验和准实验研究进行了截至 2019 年 10 月的检索。对 10 项研究的 45 个效应量进行了荟萃分析，并根据 Hedges'g 计算标准化均数差作为效应量。
荟萃分析表明，术前教育的总体效应中等。术前教育提高了癌症患者的知识和满意度，减轻了疼痛。在使用口头或联合教育方法的情况下，在年龄较小的患者中，术前教育的效果更大。
这项荟萃分析表明，术前教育干预不仅在手术相关认知方面，而且在与癌症手术相关的生理和心理方面都非常重要。
需要在医院环境中为癌症患者提供最有效的术前教育干预，这些信息可用于制定针对癌症相关手术患者的循证教育策略。
