Splenosis: report of a case and review of the literature.

Splenosis is the autotransplantation of splenic tissue that usually follows traumatic rupture of the spleen. These splenic implants may be located anywhere within the peritoneal cavity. Although a relatively rare entity, when present these implants may mimic endometriosis or even metastatic carcinoma. As splenosis may compensate in part for the asplenic state, it is recommended that these splenic implants not be removed. It is important to correctly diagnose this condition to avoid unnecessary therapy. Diagnosis and management are discussed as well as a review of the literature.