Evaristo Karen B, Mendes Felipe Augusto Rodrigues, Saccomani Milene G, Cukier Alberto, Carvalho-Pinto Regina M, Rodrigues Marcos R, Santaella Danilo F, Saraiva-Romanholo Beatriz M, Martins Milton A, Carvalho Celso R F
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Ibirapuera, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020 Oct;8(9):2989-2996.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.06.042. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
Aerobic training and breathing exercises are interventions that improve asthma control. However, the outcomes of these 2 interventions have not been compared.
To compare the effects of aerobic training versus breathing exercises on clinical control (primary outcome), quality of life, exercise capacity, and airway inflammation in outpatients with moderate-to-severe asthma.
Fifty-four asthmatics were randomized into either the aerobic training group (AG, n = 29) or the breathing exercise group (BG, n = 25). Both interventions lasted for 24 sessions (2/week, 40 minutes/session). Asthma clinical control (Asthma Control Questionnaire [ACQ]), quality of life (Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire), asthma symptom-free days (ASFD), airway inflammation, exercise capacity, psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), daily-life physical activity (DLPA), and pulmonary function were evaluated before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention.
Both interventions presented similar results regarding the ACQ score, psychological distress, ASFD, DLPA, and airway inflammation (P > .05). However, participants in the AG were 2.6 times more likely to experience clinical improvement at the 3-month follow-up than participants in the BG (P = .02). A greater proportion of participants in the AG also presented a reduction in the number of days without rescue medication use compared with BG (34% vs 8%; P = .04).
Outpatients with moderate-to-severe asthma who participated in aerobic training or breathing exercise programs presented similar results in asthma control, quality of life, asthma symptoms, psychological distress, physical activity, and airway inflammation. However, a greater proportion of participants in the AG presented improvement in asthma control and reduced use of rescue medication.
有氧运动训练和呼吸练习是改善哮喘控制的干预措施。然而，这两种干预措施的效果尚未得到比较。
比较有氧运动训练与呼吸练习对中重度哮喘门诊患者临床控制（主要结局）、生活质量、运动能力和气道炎症的影响。
54名哮喘患者被随机分为有氧运动训练组（AG组，n = 29）或呼吸练习组（BG组，n = 25）。两种干预均持续24节课程（每周2节，每节40分钟）。在干预前、干预后即刻和干预后3个月评估哮喘临床控制情况（哮喘控制问卷[ACQ]）、生活质量（哮喘生活质量问卷）、无哮喘症状天数（ASFD）、气道炎症、运动能力、心理困扰（医院焦虑抑郁量表）、日常生活体力活动（DLPA）和肺功能。
在ACQ评分、心理困扰、ASFD、DLPA和气道炎症方面，两种干预呈现出相似的结果（P > .05）。然而，在3个月的随访中，AG组参与者临床改善的可能性是BG组参与者的2.6倍（P = .02）。与BG组相比，AG组中更大比例的参与者在无需使用急救药物的天数上也有所减少（34% 对8%；P = .04）。
参与有氧运动训练或呼吸练习项目的中重度哮喘门诊患者在哮喘控制、生活质量、哮喘症状、心理困扰、体力活动和气道炎症方面呈现出相似的结果。然而，AG组中更大比例的参与者在哮喘控制方面有所改善，且急救药物的使用减少。
