Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2020 Oct;33(5):404-410. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000667.
Focusing on the key developments since January 2019, this review aims to inform policymakers and clinical practitioners on the latest on evolving global polio epidemiology and scientific advancements to guide strategies for eradication.
An upsurge in wild poliovirus type 1 cases in Pakistan and Afghanistan and an expansion of type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus transmission in multiple countries threaten the remarkable progress made over past several decades by the global eradication program. These challenges have also spurred innovation on multiple fronts, including earlier detection, enhanced environmental surveillance and safer and more affordable vaccine options.
A concerted effort to adapt program strategies to address context-specific challenges and continued focus on innovations to enhance detection and response capabilities will be the key to achieve and sustain eradication of all types of polioviruses.
综述目的：重点介绍自 2019 年 1 月以来的主要进展，旨在为政策制定者和临床医生提供最新的全球脊灰流行病学和科学进展信息，以指导根除策略。
**** 最新发现：巴基斯坦和阿富汗的野生 1 型脊灰病毒病例激增，以及多种国家 2 型循环疫苗衍生脊灰病毒传播范围扩大，威胁到过去几十年全球根除规划取得的显著进展。这些挑战也激发了多方面的创新，包括更早的检测、更强化的环境监测以及更安全和更经济实惠的疫苗选择。
总结：集中精力调整规划策略以应对具体环境下的挑战，并持续关注创新以提高检测和应对能力，这将是实现和维持所有类型脊灰病毒根除的关键。
