Lewis K, Cherry J D, Sachs M H, Woo D B, Hamilton R C, Tarle J M, Overturf G D
Department of Pediatrics, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
Am J Dis Child. 1988 Jan;142(1):62-5. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1988.02150010072025.
To determine the effect of prophylactic acetaminophen on reactions after diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccination, 282 children received either acetaminophen or placebo in a double-blind, randomized fashion before and 3, 7, 12, and 18 hours after vaccination. Fever and local and systemic reactions were monitored. Switching to known acetaminophen was permitted if the patient's temperature was 38.9 degrees C or higher or for moderate pain. Overall, the reaction score of acetaminophen recipients was significantly less than that of placebo recipients. The rates of occurrence of fever and fussiness and the degree of pain at the injection site were significantly reduced by acetaminophen administration. Children who received acetaminophen were less likely to be switched to "open" acetaminophen than placebo recipients. It is concluded that prophylactic acetaminophen as given in this study had a moderating effect on fever, pain, and fussiness after diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis immunization.
为确定预防性使用对乙酰氨基酚对白喉、破伤风类毒素及百日咳疫苗接种后反应的影响，282名儿童在接种疫苗前以及接种后3、7、12和18小时以双盲、随机方式接受了对乙酰氨基酚或安慰剂。对接种后的发热、局部和全身反应进行了监测。如果患者体温达到38.9摄氏度或更高，或者出现中度疼痛，则允许改用已知的对乙酰氨基酚。总体而言，服用对乙酰氨基酚的儿童的反应评分显著低于服用安慰剂的儿童。服用对乙酰氨基酚可显著降低发热和烦躁的发生率以及注射部位的疼痛程度。与服用安慰剂的儿童相比，服用对乙酰氨基酚的儿童改用“开放型”对乙酰氨基酚的可能性更小。得出的结论是，本研究中使用的预防性对乙酰氨基酚对百日咳、白喉、破伤风类毒素免疫接种后的发热、疼痛和烦躁具有缓解作用。
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