Department of Physiology, Mbarara University of Science & Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mbarara University of Science & Technology, Uganda.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Jul 23;2020:2508751. doi: 10.1155/2020/2508751. eCollection 2020.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Patients with severe mental illness (SMI) are at a higher risk for developing CVD and have a higher risk for harboring factors related to CVD. In addition to the effects of antipsychotic medications, unhealthy lifestyle factors, such as poor diet, inadequate physical activity, cigarette smoking, and sedentary behaviors, are known to be risk factors that may contribute to poor cardiovascular health in patients with SMI. Early identification of individuals at elevated risk of CVD is essential so that dietary and lifestyle modifications or pharmacological interventions can be prescribed to alleviate the risk of cardiovascular disease. The objective of the study was to determine the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with severe mental illness at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, southwestern Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional study at the outpatient mental health clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, between October 2018 and March 2019. We used the Globorisk CVD risk score to estimate the 10-year risk of CVD among patients with SMI, using the online Globorisk calculator. Participants were then assigned to one of three categories depending on their 10-year CVD risk score: <3% (low), 3-10% (intermediate), and >10% (high). We calculated the risk scores of 125 participants aged 40-74 years. Most of the participants were female 75 (60%), had a diagnosis of bipolar disorder 75 (60%), and had mental illness for ≥10 years 57 (46%). Eighty five percent (85%) of the participants had intermediate to high 10-year risk of CVD (64% with intermediate and 21% with high risk). The average risk score was significantly higher in males compared to females, 8.82% versus 6.43%, = 0.016. We detected a high 10-year risk of CVD in a significant proportion of patients with SMI in southwestern Uganda. We recommend lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions to reverse risk or delay progression to CVD in this patient population.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。患有严重精神疾病（SMI）的患者发生 CVD 的风险更高，并且与 CVD 相关的因素的风险更高。除了抗精神病药物的影响外，不健康的生活方式因素，如不良的饮食、身体活动不足、吸烟和久坐不动的行为，已知是可能导致 SMI 患者心血管健康状况不佳的危险因素。早期识别 CVD 风险升高的个体至关重要，以便可以规定饮食和生活方式的改变或药物干预以减轻心血管疾病的风险。本研究的目的是确定乌干达西南部姆巴拉拉地区转诊医院严重精神疾病患者的心血管疾病 10 年风险。我们于 2018 年 10 月至 2019 年 3 月在姆巴拉拉地区转诊医院的门诊心理健康诊所进行了一项横断面研究。我们使用 Globorisk CVD 风险评分来估计 SMI 患者的 10 年 CVD 风险，使用在线 Globorisk 计算器。然后，根据他们的 10 年 CVD 风险评分，将参与者分为以下三个类别之一：<3%（低），3-10%（中）和>10%（高）。我们计算了 125 名年龄在 40-74 岁的参与者的风险评分。大多数参与者是女性（75 名，60%），有双相情感障碍诊断（75 名，60%），并且有≥10 年的精神疾病（57 名，46%）。85%（85%）的参与者有中至高的 10 年 CVD 风险（64%为中危，21%为高危）。与女性相比，男性的平均风险评分明显更高，分别为 8.82%和 6.43%，=0.016。我们发现乌干达西南部有相当一部分 SMI 患者存在高 CVD 10 年风险。我们建议在该患者群体中进行生活方式的改变和药物干预，以逆转风险或延缓 CVD 的进展。
