Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Academia de Humanismo Cristiano, Santiago, Chile.
Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
J Community Psychol. 2021 Jan;49(1):58-76. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22421. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
In Latin America, one of the key tasks of Community and Liberation Psychology has been to recover the memories of marginalized and excluded communities that have experienced multiple pasts marked by political violence. In Chile, researchers have focused on poor urban neighborhoods, where the question of how memories are transmitted in areas where conflicts and violence are still present has been overlooked. In this context, the following article aims to analyze the ways in which memories are transmitted in a neighborhood that has a long organizational history in the struggle against social inequalities; while at the same time being classified as a critical area by the state due to its current levels of violence and social conflict. The researchers led a 3-year case study from an ethnographic perspective, and applied a collaborative methodology that brought together the research team and the members of a territorial organization. The analysis is based on 72 interviews, 5 conversation groups and ethnographic observation. The data was analyzed using discourse analysis. The results revealed that the main form of memory transmission is not based on intergenerational narratives of the past, but rather on joint action; namely, dialogical practices among neighborhood residents that generate an ethos; a common way of life.
在拉丁美洲，社区和解放心理学的主要任务之一是恢复经历过多次过去的边缘化和被排斥社区的记忆，这些过去都被政治暴力所标记。在智利，研究人员专注于贫困的城市社区，在这些社区中，人们忽视了在冲突和暴力仍然存在的地区如何传递记忆的问题。在这种情况下，本文旨在分析在一个具有长期组织历史以反对社会不平等的社区中，记忆是如何传递的；而同时，由于其当前的暴力和社会冲突水平，该地区被国家列为一个关键地区。研究人员从民族志的角度进行了为期 3 年的案例研究，并应用了一种协作方法，将研究团队和一个领土组织的成员结合在一起。分析的依据是 72 次访谈、5 次对话小组和民族志观察。使用话语分析对数据进行了分析。结果表明，主要的记忆传递形式不是基于过去的代际叙述，而是基于共同行动；即，社区居民之间的对话实践，产生了一种精神；一种共同的生活方式。
