Desalegn Getachew Tesfaw, Wondie Mesele, Dereje Saron, Addisu Adanech
Departments of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, P. O. Box: 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 9;19:44. doi: 10.1186/s12991-020-00295-2. eCollection 2020.
Suicide ideation and attempt are more highly prevalent among medical students compared to the general population. Suicidal thought negatively impacts the quality of life, physical, and mental well-being of the students. However, research into suicide ideation and attempt among medical students in low- and middle-income countries is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore suicide ideation and attempt and their determinants among medical students in Ethiopia have a crucial role for further intervention.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 393 medical students from March to June 2019 at the University of Gondar (UoG) in Ethiopia. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Suicide ideation and attempt were assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to assess lifetime suicide ideation and attempts during medical school. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with suicide ideation and attempt. An odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the strength of the association.
A total of 393 participants took part with a response rate of 92.9%. The prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt among study participants was found to be 14% and 7.4%, respectively, with 95% CI (10.9-18.1) and (5.1-10.2). Being female (AOR: 5.21, 95% CI 3.42-7.20), co-morbid depression symptoms (AOR: 10.12, 95% CI 6.80-15.52), current khat chewing (AOR: 4.46, 95% CI 3.32-10.02), and poor social support (AOR: 4.46, 95% CI 3.43-9.87) were factors significantly associated with suicide ideation; whereas, female sex (AOR: 8.08, 95% CI 6.04-12.39), depression (AOR: 10.66, 95% CI 8.01-19.01 and history of mental illness (AOR: 5.53, 95% CI 5.20-15.50) were factors significantly associated with suicide attempt.
In the current study, the prevalence of suicide ideation among medical students was low compared to other studies, but the suicide attempt was high. Ministry of Health should develop a guideline on how to screen and manage suicide ideation and attempt among medical students.
与普通人群相比，医学生中自杀意念和自杀未遂更为普遍。自杀念头会对学生的生活质量、身心健康产生负面影响。然而，对低收入和中等收入国家医学生自杀意念和自杀未遂的研究有限。因此，本研究旨在探讨埃塞俄比亚医学生的自杀意念和自杀未遂情况及其决定因素，这对进一步干预具有关键作用。
2019年3月至6月，在埃塞俄比亚的贡德尔大学（UoG）对393名医学生进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术选择研究参与者。使用世界卫生组织综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）评估自杀意念和自杀未遂情况，以评估医学院期间的终生自杀意念和自杀未遂情况。通过自填问卷收集数据。采用二元逻辑回归分析确定与自杀意念和自杀未遂相关的因素。计算比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI）以评估关联强度。
共有393名参与者参与，应答率为92.9%。研究参与者中自杀意念和自杀未遂的患病率分别为14%和7.4%，95%CI分别为（10.9 - 18.1）和（5.1 - 10.2）。女性（调整后比值比：5.21，95%CI 3.42 - 7.20）、合并抑郁症状（调整后比值比：10.12，95%CI 6.80 - 15.52）、目前咀嚼巧茶（调整后比值比：4.46，95%CI 3.32 - 10.02）和社会支持差（调整后比值比：4.46，95%CI 3.43 - 9.87）是与自杀意念显著相关的因素；而女性（调整后比值比：8.08，95%CI 6.04 - 12.39）、抑郁（调整后比值比：10.66，95%CI 8.01 - 19.01）和精神病史（调整后比值比：5.53，95%CI 5.20 - 15.50）是与自杀未遂显著相关的因素。
在本研究中，医学生自杀意念的患病率与其他研究相比偏低，但自杀未遂率较高。卫生部应制定关于如何筛查和管理医学生自杀意念和自杀未遂的指南。
