Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2020 Sep;47(5):681-685. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2019.11.010. Epub 2020 May 22.
To compare the effects of two different doses of butorphanol combined with detomidine administered intravenously (IV) on quality of sedation, degree of ataxia and anaesthetic induction in horses.
Randomized, blinded, clinical study.
A total of 40 client-owned healthy warmblood horses scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia.
Horses were randomly allocated to be administered 8 μg kg detomidine IV plus either 20 or 50 μg kg butorphanol IV, with the principal investigator blinded to group allocation. Head height was measured before drug injection and 2 minutes thereafter. Data were compared using unpaired t test. Horses were filmed and scored using Simple Descriptive Scales for sedation (2 and 15 minutes after IV injection), ataxia (at walk, immediately after the 2 minute time point) and quality of swing-door induction following diazepam and ketamine administration. Data are shown as median (and range where appropriate). Scores were compared using chi-square tests (p < 0.05).
There were 14 and 17 horses in high-dose (HD) and low-dose (LD) groups respectively. Data from nine horses were excluded. Mean head height reduction did not differ between groups (p = 0.86), nor did sedation scores at 2 minutes (median = 3 in both groups; p = 0.09) or 15 minutes (median = 2 in both groups; p = 0.63). There was no significant difference in the requirement for additional detomidine (p = 0.73) or in induction quality between groups (p = 0.99), but initial ataxia was significantly greater in the HD group 2 (1-3) versus 2.5 (1-3) in the LD group (p = 0.017).
In healthy warmblood horses, simultaneous administration of 50 rather than 20 μg kg butorphanol with 8 μg kg detomidine does not provide greater sedation or affect induction, but it causes more pronounced ataxia shortly after IV injection.
比较静脉注射（IV）给予两种不同剂量丁丙诺啡与地托咪定对马镇静质量、共济失调程度和麻醉诱导的影响。
随机、双盲、临床研究。
40 匹接受择期全身麻醉的客户所有健康温血马。
马匹被随机分配接受 8 μg/kg 地托咪定 IV 加 20 或 50 μg/kg 丁丙诺啡 IV，主要研究者对分组分配不知情。在药物注射前和 2 分钟后测量头高。使用未配对 t 检验比较数据。使用镇静（IV 注射后 2 分钟和 15 分钟）、共济失调（立即在 2 分钟时间点后行走时）和地西泮和氯胺酮给药后摆动门诱导的简单描述性量表对马匹进行拍摄和评分。数据显示为中位数（和适当范围）。使用卡方检验比较分数（p<0.05）。
高剂量（HD）和低剂量（LD）组分别有 14 匹马和 17 匹马。9 匹马的数据被排除在外。两组之间的平均头高降低没有差异（p=0.86），2 分钟（中位数均为 3；p=0.09）和 15 分钟（中位数均为 2；p=0.63）的镇静评分也没有差异。两组之间对额外地托咪定的需求（p=0.73）或诱导质量没有显著差异（p=0.99），但在 HD 组中，初始共济失调在 2 级（1-3）显著大于 LD 组中的 2.5 级（1-3）（p=0.017）。
在健康的温血马中，同时给予 50 μg/kg 丁丙诺啡而不是 20 μg/kg 丁丙诺啡与 8 μg/kg 地托咪定联合使用不会提供更大的镇静作用或影响诱导，但会在 IV 注射后不久引起更明显的共济失调。
