School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 11;17(16):5799. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165799.
To explore the association between the personal social capital and loneliness among the widowed older adults in China. Data from 1497 widowed older adults were extracted from China's Health-Related Quality of Life Survey for Older Adults 2018. The Chinese version of the Personal Social Capital Scale (PSCS-16) was used to evaluate the participants' status of bonding and bridging social capital (BOC and BRC). Loneliness was assessed by the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8). Multiple linear regression models were established to examine the relationship between social capital and loneliness. The BOC and BRC of rural widowed older people were significantly lower than those of widowed older people in urban areas, while loneliness of rural widowed older people was higher than that of widowed older people in urban areas. The result of the final model showed that loneliness of rural participants was significantly associated with both BOC (B = 0.141, = 0.001) and BRC (B = -0.116, = 0.003). The loneliness of the urban widowed sample had no association with both BOC and BRC ( > 0.05). These findings suggested that more social support and compassionate care should be provided to enrich the personal social capital and thus to reduce loneliness of widowed older adults, especially those in rural areas.
探讨中国丧偶老年人个体社会资本与孤独感之间的关系。方法：本研究利用 2018 年中国老年人健康相关生命质量调查数据，提取其中 1497 名丧偶老年人的数据。采用中文版个人社会资本量表（PSCS-16）评估参与者的联系社会资本（BOC）和桥接社会资本（BRC）状况。采用 UCLA 孤独感量表短表（ULS-8）评估孤独感。采用多元线性回归模型探讨社会资本与孤独感之间的关系。结果：农村丧偶老年人的 BOC 和 BRC 明显低于城市丧偶老年人，而农村丧偶老年人的孤独感高于城市丧偶老年人。最终模型的结果表明，农村参与者的孤独感与 BOC（B=0.141， =0.001）和 BRC（B=-0.116， =0.003）均显著相关。城市丧偶样本的孤独感与 BOC 和 BRC 均无关联（ > 0.05）。结论：应提供更多的社会支持和关爱，丰富丧偶老年人的个人社会资本，从而降低他们的孤独感，尤其是农村地区丧偶老年人的孤独感。
