Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
Am J Clin Dermatol. 2021 Jan;22(1):81-88. doi: 10.1007/s40257-020-00522-2.
Dermatobia hominis, also known as the human botfly, is native to tropical and subtropical Central and South America and seen in travelers from endemic to temperate regions including the United States and Europe. Cutaneous infestation botfly myiasis involves the development of D. hominis larvae in the skin and is common in tropical locations. The distinct appearance of a cutaneous D. hominis infestation facilitates early diagnosis and intervention where cases are common. However, the identification of D. hominis in temperate regions may prove challenging due to its rarity. D. hominis may be misdiagnosed as folliculitis, an epidermal cyst, or an embedded foreign object with secondary impetigo. One should have a heightened suspicion in someone returning from a vacation in an endemic area, such as Belize. Here we describe the presentation, differential diagnosis, and treatment and encourage enhanced preventative measures among tourists when visiting tropical and subtropical regions. Additionally, we propose a novel classification system for assessing the various stages of infestation and suggest that patients reporting travel to Latin America and experiencing pain disproportionate to an insect bite should lead physicians to consider myiasis caused by D. hominis.
人肤蝇，又称人体寄生蝇，原产于中美洲和南美洲的热带和亚热带地区，在包括美国和欧洲在内的从流行地区到温带地区的旅行者中都有发现。皮肤侵染性蝇蛆病涉及人肤蝇幼虫在皮肤中的发育，在热带地区很常见。皮肤人肤蝇侵染的明显外观有助于早期诊断和干预，因为这种情况在热带地区很常见。然而，由于其罕见性，在温带地区识别人肤蝇可能具有挑战性。人肤蝇可能被误诊为毛囊炎、表皮囊肿或嵌入的异物继发脓疱疮。对于从伯利兹等流行地区度假归来的人，应提高警惕。在这里，我们描述了其表现、鉴别诊断和治疗，并鼓励游客在前往热带和亚热带地区时采取增强的预防措施。此外，我们提出了一种新的分类系统来评估不同的侵染阶段，并建议报告前往拉丁美洲旅行且经历与昆虫叮咬不成比例的疼痛的患者应促使医生考虑由人肤蝇引起的蝇蛆病。
