Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda; Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Public Health, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.
Department of Education Sciences, Laboratory of Management, Environnement, Education and Social Responsibility of Organisations, Faculty of Education Sciences, University Mohamed V, Rabat, Morocco.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2020 Jul-Aug;31(4):821-825. doi: 10.4103/1319-2442.292316.
The study is aimed to assess attitudes, knowledge, and social perceptions toward organ donation and transplantation in Eastern Morocco and therefore understand what sets back this activity's expansion and progression. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving three groups of persons that are theoretically involved in the process of organ donation (medical students, law students, and nurses). Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire related to the cultural, religious, medical, and legal aspects of organ donation and transplantation. Six hundred questionnaires were distributed. The participation rate in the study was 71%, with female predominance and participants were mainly from an average socioeconomic level. Fifty- one percent of the participants were medical students. About 87.1% had already heard about organ transplantation in Morocco, but most of them felt that they were not sufficiently informed. 57.9% of the participants were favorable with some reluctance to organ donation, 28.7% were unconditionally favorable, and 5.9% were totally unfavorable. Only 46% of the participants accepted living organ donation, whereas 47.1% did not. Moreover, 64.7% of the participants accepted organ donation after their death, evoking the desire to help others and save lives. According to our survey, 55.1% of our participants considered that the decision to donate their organs after death belongs to them. About 44.9% think they should discuss this decision with their relatives and 50% said their culture and religion influence their decisions. Our work did reveal an insufficient level of awareness about various aspects of the topic. Moreover, a high pro-portion of the participants did not have positive attitudes toward donating, mainly driven by religious, cultural beliefs and perceived risks to the donor. The reasons of refusal should be analyzed carefully to improve acceptability toward organ donation and transplantation.
本研究旨在评估摩洛哥东部地区人们对器官捐赠和移植的态度、知识和社会认知，从而了解哪些因素阻碍了该活动的扩展和进展。我们进行了一项横断面研究，涉及三个理论上涉及器官捐赠过程的人群（医学生、法律系学生和护士）。数据收集使用了一份匿名问卷，涉及器官捐赠和移植的文化、宗教、医学和法律方面。共发放了 600 份问卷，研究的参与率为 71%，女性占主导地位，参与者主要来自中等社会经济水平。51%的参与者是医学生。约 87.1%的人听说过摩洛哥的器官移植，但他们大多觉得自己没有得到充分的信息。57.9%的参与者对器官捐赠有一定的好感，但有些勉强，28.7%的人无条件赞成，5.9%的人完全反对。只有 46%的参与者接受活体器官捐赠，而 47.1%的人不接受。此外，64.7%的参与者接受死后器官捐赠，他们希望帮助他人并拯救生命。根据我们的调查，55.1%的参与者认为死后捐献器官的决定属于他们自己。约 44.9%的人认为他们应该与亲属讨论这个决定，50%的人表示他们的文化和宗教影响他们的决定。我们的研究表明，人们对该主题的各个方面的认识水平不足。此外，很大一部分参与者对捐赠没有积极的态度，主要是受到宗教、文化信仰和对供体风险的认知的影响。应该仔细分析拒绝的原因，以提高对器官捐赠和移植的接受度。
